वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-47, verse-6

त्यक्त्वा तु तं तदा देशं सर्वे वै हरियूथपाः ।
देशमन्यं दुराधर्षं विविशुश्चाकुतोभयाः ॥६॥

6. tyaktvā tu taṃ tadā deśaṃ sarve vai hariyūthapāḥ ,
deśamanyaṃ durādharṣaṃ viviśuścākutobhayāḥ.

6. tyaktvā tu tam tadā deśam sarve vai hariyūthapāḥ
deśam anyam durādharṣam viviśuḥ ca akutobhayāḥ

6. tyaktvā tu tam tadā deśam sarve vai hariyūthapāḥ
akutobhayāḥ ca viviśuḥ anyam durādharṣam deśam

6. Having then abandoned that region, all the leaders of the monkey troops, fearless, entered another region that was difficult to access.

Words meanings summery:

• त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having left the previously described region (having abandoned, having left, having given up)

• तु (tu) - (emphatic particle, or mild contrast) (but, on the other hand, indeed)

• तम् (tam) - that (region mentioned earlier) (that, him)

• तदा (tadā) - then, after the previous events (then, at that time)

• देशम् (deśam) - the region they were previously in (region, place, country)

• सर्वे (sarve) - all of the monkey leaders (all, every, whole)

• वै (vai) - (emphatic particle) (indeed, surely, verily (particle))

• हरियूथपाः (hariyūthapāḥ) - the Vanara leaders (leaders of monkey troops, monkey chiefs)

• देशम् (deśam) - a new region (region, place, country)

• अन्यम् (anyam) - a different region (other, another, different)

• दुराधर्षम् (durādharṣam) - a region that is hard to enter or traverse (difficult to approach, unassailable, inaccessible)

• विविशुः (viviśuḥ) - they entered a new region (they entered)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अकुतोभयाः (akutobhayāḥ) - not fearing any dangers in the new region (fearless, secure, having no fear from any quarter)

Words meanings and morphology

त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having left the previously described region (having abandoned, having left, having given up)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From √tyaj (to abandon) + -ktvā suffix

Root: tyaj (class 1)

Note: Used to express a completed action prior to the main verb.

तु (tu) - (emphatic particle, or mild contrast) (but, on the other hand, indeed)

(indeclinable)

तम् (tam) - that (region mentioned earlier) (that, him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Qualifies `deśam`.

तदा (tadā) - then, after the previous events (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

Note: Temporal adverb.

देशम् (deśam) - the region they were previously in (region, place, country)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of deśa

deśa - region, place, country

Note: Object of `tyaktvā`.

सर्वे (sarve) - all of the monkey leaders (all, every, whole)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Qualifies `hariyūthapāḥ`.

वै (vai) - (emphatic particle) (indeed, surely, verily (particle))

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle expressing emphasis.

हरियूथपाः (hariyūthapāḥ) - the Vanara leaders (leaders of monkey troops, monkey chiefs)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hariyūthapa

hariyūthapa - leader of a monkey troop, monkey chief

Compound: hari (monkey) + yūtha (troop) + pa (protector/leader)

Compound type : tatpurusha (hari+yūtha+pa)

• hari – monkey, lion, Vishnu, Indra, sun, horse
  noun (masculine)
• yūtha – troop, herd, multitude
  noun (neuter)
• pa – protector, guardian, ruler, leader
  noun (masculine)
  From √pā (to protect)
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

देशम् (deśam) - a new region (region, place, country)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of deśa

deśa - region, place, country

Note: Object of `viviśuḥ`.

अन्यम् (anyam) - a different region (other, another, different)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of anya

anya - other, another, different

Note: Qualifies `deśam`.

दुराधर्षम् (durādharṣam) - a region that is hard to enter or traverse (difficult to approach, unassailable, inaccessible)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of durādharṣa

durādharṣa - difficult to approach, unassailable, inaccessible

Compound: dur (difficult) + ā (prefix) + dharṣa (daring, assault)

Compound type : tatpurusha (dur+ādharṣa)

• dur – difficult, bad, hard
  indeclinable
• ādharṣa – assault, attack
  noun (masculine)
  From √dhṛṣ (to be bold) with prefix ā
  Prefix: ā
  Root: dhṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `deśam`.

विविशुः (viviśuḥ) - they entered a new region (they entered)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of viś

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Perfect tense, denotes a completed action in the past.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects `viviśuḥ` with the adjective `akutobhayāḥ`.

अकुतोभयाः (akutobhayāḥ) - not fearing any dangers in the new region (fearless, secure, having no fear from any quarter)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of akutobhaya

akutobhaya - fearless, secure, having no fear from any quarter

Compound: a (negation) + kutaḥ (whence) + bhaya (fear)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (a+kutaḥ+bhaya)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• kutaḥ – whence, from where
  indeclinable
• bhaya – fear, dread
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies `hariyūthapāḥ`.