वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-47, verse-10

कण्डुर्नाम महाभागः सत्यवादी तपोधनः ।
महर्षिः परमामर्षी नियमैर्दुष्प्रधर्षणः ॥१०॥

10. kaṇḍurnāma mahābhāgaḥ satyavādī tapodhanaḥ ,
maharṣiḥ paramāmarṣī niyamairduṣpradharṣaṇaḥ.

10. kaṇḍuḥ nāma mahābhāgaḥ satyavādī tapodhanaḥ
maharṣiḥ parama amarṣī niyamaiḥ duṣpradharṣaṇaḥ

10. nāma kaṇḍuḥ maharṣiḥ mahābhāgaḥ satyavādī
tapodhanaḥ parama amarṣī niyamaiḥ duṣpradharṣaṇaḥ

10. There was a great sage named Kaṇḍu, who was greatly fortunate, truthful, and whose wealth was his austerity (tapas). He was exceedingly wrathful and unassailable due to his strict observances (niyamas).

Words meanings summery:

• कण्डुः (kaṇḍuḥ) - Kaṇḍu (name of a sage)

• नाम (nāma) - named, by name, indeed

• महाभागः (mahābhāgaḥ) - greatly fortunate, highly esteemed, illustrious

• सत्यवादी (satyavādī) - speaker of truth, truthful

• तपोधनः (tapodhanaḥ) - whose wealth is his penance or religious observance (tapas) (whose wealth is austerity)

• महर्षिः (maharṣiḥ) - great sage

• परम (parama) - supreme, utmost, excellent, exceedingly

• अमर्षी (amarṣī) - wrathful, indignant, impatient

• नियमैः (niyamaiḥ) - by his strict observances (niyamas) (by rules, by observances, by restraints)

• दुष्प्रधर्षणः (duṣpradharṣaṇaḥ) - difficult to attack, unassailable, invincible

Words meanings and morphology

कण्डुः (kaṇḍuḥ) - Kaṇḍu (name of a sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaṇḍu

kaṇḍu - Kaṇḍu (name of a sage)

नाम (nāma) - named, by name, indeed

(indeclinable)

महाभागः (mahābhāgaḥ) - greatly fortunate, highly esteemed, illustrious

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābhāga

mahābhāga - highly fortunate, noble, illustrious

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahat+bhāga)

• mahat – great, large, important
  adjective
• bhāga – share, portion, fortune
  noun (masculine)
  Root: bhaj (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'kaṇḍuḥ'

सत्यवादी (satyavādī) - speaker of truth, truthful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of satyavādin

satyavādin - speaking the truth, truthful

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (satya+vādin)

• satya – truth, true
  noun (neuter)
• vādin – speaking, speaker
  adjective
  agent noun
  Formed from the root √vad with suffix -in
  Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'kaṇḍuḥ'

तपोधनः (tapodhanaḥ) - whose wealth is his penance or religious observance (tapas) (whose wealth is austerity)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tapodhana

tapodhana - whose wealth is austerity, rich in penance

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tapas+dhana)

• tapas – austerity, penance, heat
  noun (neuter)
  Root: tap (class 1)
• dhana – wealth, riches, property
  noun (neuter)
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Qualifies 'kaṇḍuḥ'

महर्षिः (maharṣiḥ) - great sage

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of maharṣi

maharṣi - great sage

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+ṛṣi)

• mahat – great, large, important
  adjective
• ṛṣi – sage, seer
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'kaṇḍuḥ'

परम (parama) - supreme, utmost, excellent, exceedingly

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parama

parama - highest, supreme, excellent, extreme

Note: Adverbial usage, or qualifying 'amarṣī'

अमर्षी (amarṣī) - wrathful, indignant, impatient

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of amarṣin

amarṣin - impatient, intolerant, irascible, wrathful

Note: Qualifies 'kaṇḍuḥ'

नियमैः (niyamaiḥ) - by his strict observances (niyamas) (by rules, by observances, by restraints)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of niyama

niyama - rule, restraint, observance, self-control

Root: yam (class 1)

दुष्प्रधर्षणः (duṣpradharṣaṇaḥ) - difficult to attack, unassailable, invincible

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duṣpradharṣaṇa

duṣpradharṣaṇa - difficult to be assailed or attacked, unassailable, unconquerable

Compound type : prādi-tatpuruṣa (dus+pradharṣaṇa)

• dus – bad, difficult, ill
  indeclinable
  prefix
• pradharṣaṇa – assaulting, attacking, overcoming
  noun (neuter)
  Action noun
  From pra + √dhṛṣ
  Prefix: pra
  Root: dhṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'kaṇḍuḥ'

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