वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-33, verse-12

ब्रह्मघ्ने च सुरापे च चोरे भग्नव्रते तथा ।
निष्कृतिर्विहिता सद्भिः कृतघ्ने नास्ति निष्कृतिः ॥१२॥

12. brahmaghne ca surāpe ca core bhagnavrate tathā ,
niṣkṛtirvihitā sadbhiḥ kṛtaghne nāsti niṣkṛtiḥ.

12. brahmaghne ca surāpe ca core bhagnavrate tathā
niṣkṛtiḥ vihitā sadbhiḥ kṛtaghne na asti niṣkṛtiḥ

12. sadbhiḥ brahmaghne ca surāpe ca core ca tathā bhagnavrate niṣkṛtiḥ vihitā.
kṛtaghne tu niṣkṛtiḥ na asti

12. Atonement (niṣkṛti) has been prescribed by the virtuous for a killer of a Brahmin (brahmahan), for a drunkard, for a thief, and for one who has broken vows. However, for an ungrateful person (kṛtaghna), there is no atonement (niṣkṛti).

Words meanings summery:

• ब्रह्मघ्ने (brahmaghne) - for a killer of a Brahmin (brahmahan) (for a killer of a Brahmin)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• सुरापे (surāpe) - for a drunkard (for a drunkard, for one who drinks liquor)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• चोरे (core) - for a thief

• भग्नव्रते (bhagnavrate) - for one who has broken vows

• तथा (tathā) - and (in that manner) (thus, so, and, in that manner)

• निष्कृतिः (niṣkṛtiḥ) - atonement (niṣkṛti) (atonement, expiation, purification, remedy)

• विहिता (vihitā) - prescribed (prescribed, ordained, arranged, performed)

• सद्भिः (sadbhiḥ) - by the virtuous (sages) (by the good, by the virtuous, by the sages)

• कृतघ्ने (kṛtaghne) - for the ungrateful person (kṛtaghna) (for the ungrateful person)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अस्ति (asti) - exists (is, exists)

• निष्कृतिः (niṣkṛtiḥ) - atonement (niṣkṛti) (atonement, expiation, purification, remedy)

Words meanings and morphology

ब्रह्मघ्ने (brahmaghne) - for a killer of a Brahmin (brahmahan) (for a killer of a Brahmin)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of brahmaghan

brahmaghan - killer of a Brahmin

Compound formed from brahman (Brahmin) and ghan (killer)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brahman+ghan)

• brahman – Brahmin, one belonging to the priestly class
  noun (masculine)
  Root: bṛh
• ghan – killer, slayer
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root han (to strike, kill)
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Locative of purpose/대상.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

सुरापे (surāpe) - for a drunkard (for a drunkard, for one who drinks liquor)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of surāpa

surāpa - drunkard, liquor-drinker

Compound formed from surā (liquor) and pā (drinker)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (surā+pa)

• surā – liquor, wine, intoxicating drink
  noun (feminine)
• pa – drinker, protector
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root pā (to drink or protect), here from drinking
  Root: pā (class 1)

Note: Locative of purpose/대상.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

चोरे (core) - for a thief

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of cora

cora - thief, robber

From root cur (to steal)

Root: cur (class 10)

Note: Locative of purpose/대상.

भग्नव्रते (bhagnavrate) - for one who has broken vows

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of bhagnavrata

bhagnavrata - one who has broken a vow, faithless

Compound formed from bhagna (broken) and vrata (vow)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bhagna+vrata)

• bhagna – broken, shattered
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root bhañj (to break)
  Root: bhañj (class 7)
• vrata – vow, sacred observance, religious duty
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vṛ (class 1)

Note: Locative of purpose/대상.

तथा (tathā) - and (in that manner) (thus, so, and, in that manner)

(indeclinable)

Adverb/conjunction

निष्कृतिः (niṣkṛtiḥ) - atonement (niṣkṛti) (atonement, expiation, purification, remedy)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of niṣkṛti

niṣkṛti - atonement, expiation, remedy, completion

Derived from prefix 'nis' + root 'kṛ' (to do)

Prefix: nis

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Subject of the passive verb 'vihitā'.

विहिता (vihitā) - prescribed (prescribed, ordained, arranged, performed)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vihita

vihita - prescribed, ordained, arranged

Past Passive Participle

From root dhā (to place, put) with prefix vi

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Acts as the main verb (passive construction).

सद्भिः (sadbhiḥ) - by the virtuous (sages) (by the good, by the virtuous, by the sages)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sat

sat - good, virtuous, existing, a sage

Present Active Participle

From root as (to be), used as a noun/adjective. 'Sat' is the masculine nominative singular.

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Agent in passive construction.

कृतघ्ने (kṛtaghne) - for the ungrateful person (kṛtaghna) (for the ungrateful person)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of kṛtaghna

kṛtaghna - ungrateful, destroyer of kindness

Compound formed from kṛta (done/kindness) and ghna (destroyer)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṛta+ghna)

• kṛta – done, kindness, favor
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root kṛ (to do), used as a noun
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• ghna – killer, destroyer
  noun (masculine)
  From root han (to strike, kill)
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Locative of purpose/대상.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates 'asti'.

अस्ति (asti) - exists (is, exists)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present Active Indicative

3rd person singular

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Copula.

निष्कृतिः (niṣkṛtiḥ) - atonement (niṣkṛti) (atonement, expiation, purification, remedy)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of niṣkṛti

niṣkṛti - atonement, expiation, remedy, completion

Derived from prefix 'nis' + root 'kṛ' (to do)

Prefix: nis

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Subject of 'asti'.