वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-33, verse-11

गीतो ऽयं ब्रह्मणा श्लोकः सर्वलोकनमस्कृतः ।
दृष्ट्वा कृतघ्नं क्रुद्धेन तं निबोध प्लवंगम ॥११॥

11. gīto'yaṃ brahmaṇā ślokaḥ sarvalokanamaskṛtaḥ ,
dṛṣṭvā kṛtaghnaṃ kruddhena taṃ nibodha plavaṃgama.

11. gītaḥ ayam brahmaṇā ślokaḥ sarvalokanamaskṛtaḥ
dṛṣṭvā kṛtaghnam kruddhena tam nibodha plavaṅgama

11. plavaṅgama ayam ślokaḥ brahmaṇā gītaḥ sarvalokanamaskṛtaḥ.
kruddhena brahmaṇā kṛtaghnam dṛṣṭvā tam nibodha

11. O monkey (plavaṅgama), understand this verse, which was sung by Brahmā (brahman) and is revered by all worlds. Brahmā, having seen an ungrateful person (kṛtaghna), spoke it in anger.

Words meanings summery:

• गीतः (gītaḥ) - sung (sung, chanted)

• अयम् (ayam) - this

• ब्रह्मणा (brahmaṇā) - by Brahmā (brahman) (by Brahmā (the creator deity), by a Brahmin)

• श्लोकः (ślokaḥ) - verse (verse, stanza, fame, sound)

• सर्वलोकनमस्कृतः (sarvalokanamaskṛtaḥ) - revered by all worlds (honored/saluted by all people/worlds)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• कृतघ्नम् (kṛtaghnam) - an ungrateful person (ungrateful, destroyer of kindness)

• क्रुद्धेन (kruddhena) - in anger (by the angry Brahmā) (by the angry one, in anger)

• तम् (tam) - that (verse) (him, that)

• निबोध (nibodha) - understand (know, understand, learn)

• प्लवङ्गम (plavaṅgama) - O monkey (monkey)

Words meanings and morphology

गीतः (gītaḥ) - sung (sung, chanted)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gīta

gīta - sung, chanted

Past Passive Participle

From root gai (to sing)

Root: gai (class 1)

अयम् (ayam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, here

Note: Refers to 'ślokaḥ'.

ब्रह्मणा (brahmaṇā) - by Brahmā (brahman) (by Brahmā (the creator deity), by a Brahmin)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - Brahmā (the creator god), universal spirit

Root: bṛh

Note: Agent of 'gītaḥ'.

श्लोकः (ślokaḥ) - verse (verse, stanza, fame, sound)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śloka

śloka - verse, stanza, fame

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Subject of the sentence (implied 'asti').

सर्वलोकनमस्कृतः (sarvalokanamaskṛtaḥ) - revered by all worlds (honored/saluted by all people/worlds)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sarvalokanamaskṛta

sarvalokanamaskṛta - revered by all worlds, honored by all people

Compound formed from sarva (all), loka (world/people), and namaskṛta (honored/saluted)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarva+loka+namaskṛta)

• sarva – all, every
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
• loka – world, people, realm
  noun (masculine)
  Root: lok (class 1)
• namaskṛta – saluted, honored, worshipped
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root nam (to bow) + kṛ (to do)
  Root: nam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'ślokaḥ'.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root dṛś with suffix -tvā

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Its agent is in instrumental case ('kruddhena brahmaṇā').

कृतघ्नम् (kṛtaghnam) - an ungrateful person (ungrateful, destroyer of kindness)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṛtaghna

kṛtaghna - ungrateful, destroyer of kindness

Compound formed from kṛta (done/kindness) and ghna (destroyer)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṛta+ghna)

• kṛta – done, kindness, favor
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root kṛ (to do), used as a noun
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• ghna – killer, destroyer
  noun (masculine)
  From root han (to strike, kill)
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'.

क्रुद्धेन (kruddhena) - in anger (by the angry Brahmā) (by the angry one, in anger)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - angry, enraged

Past Passive Participle

From root krudh (to be angry)

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Agent of 'dṛṣṭvā' (implicitly referring to Brahmā).

तम् (tam) - that (verse) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, him, it

Note: Object of 'nibodha'.

निबोध (nibodha) - understand (know, understand, learn)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of nibudh

Imperative Active

2nd person singular

Prefix: ni

Root: budh (class 1)

प्लवङ्गम (plavaṅgama) - O monkey (monkey)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of plavaṅgama

plavaṅgama - monkey

Compound formed from 'plava' (leap) and 'gama' (going)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (plava+gama)

• plava – leaping, a leap
  noun (masculine)
  From root plu (to float, to leap)
  Root: plu (class 1)
• gama – going
  adjective (masculine)
  From root gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Addressed to a monkey (e.g., Hanumān).