वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-14, verse-19

तस्य शब्देन वित्रस्ता गावो यान्ति हतप्रभाः ।
राजदोषपरामृष्टाः कुलस्त्रिय इवाकुलाः ॥१९॥

19. tasya śabdena vitrastā gāvo yānti hataprabhāḥ ,
rājadoṣaparāmṛṣṭāḥ kulastriya ivākulāḥ.

19. tasya śabdena vitrastāḥ gāvaḥ yānti hataprabhāḥ
rājadoṣaparāmṛṣṭāḥ kulastriyaḥ iva akulāḥ

19. tasya śabdena vitrastāḥ hataprabhāḥ gāvaḥ
rājadoṣaparāmṛṣṭāḥ akulāḥ kulastriyaḥ iva yānti

19. Terrified by his roar, the cows flee, deprived of their luster, distressed like noble women afflicted by royal misdeeds.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - of him, his, of that

• शब्देन (śabdena) - by the sound, by the noise, by the roar

• वित्रस्ताः (vitrastāḥ) - terrified, frightened, scared

• गावः (gāvaḥ) - cows, cattle

• यान्ति (yānti) - they go, they move, they flee

• हतप्रभाः (hataprabhāḥ) - devoid of luster, dejected, whose splendor is lost

• राजदोषपरामृष्टाः (rājadoṣaparāmṛṣṭāḥ) - afflicted by royal misdeeds, touched by the king's fault

• कुलस्त्रियः (kulastriyaḥ) - noble women, women of good family

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• अकुलाः (akulāḥ) - distressed, agitated, bewildered, uneasy

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - of him, his, of that

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

शब्देन (śabdena) - by the sound, by the noise, by the roar

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śabda

śabda - sound, noise, word, roar

वित्रस्ताः (vitrastāḥ) - terrified, frightened, scared

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of vitrasta

vitrasta - terrified, frightened, scared

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root tras with prefix vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: tras (class 4)

गावः (gāvaḥ) - cows, cattle

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of go

go - cow, ox, cattle, earth

यान्ति (yānti) - they go, they move, they flee

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of yā

Root: yā (class 2)

हतप्रभाः (hataprabhāḥ) - devoid of luster, dejected, whose splendor is lost

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of hataprabhā

hataprabhā - whose luster is lost, dejected

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (hata+prabhā)

• hata – killed, struck, destroyed, lost
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root han (to strike, kill)
  Root: han (class 2)
• prabhā – luster, splendor, radiance, vitality
  noun (feminine)

राजदोषपरामृष्टाः (rājadoṣaparāmṛṣṭāḥ) - afflicted by royal misdeeds, touched by the king's fault

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of rājadoṣaparāmṛṣṭa

rājadoṣaparāmṛṣṭa - afflicted by royal misdeeds

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (rājan+doṣa+parāmṛṣṭa)

• rājan – king
  noun (masculine)
• doṣa – fault, defect, sin, transgression
  noun (masculine)
• parāmṛṣṭa – touched, afflicted, grasped, seized
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root mṛś (to touch) with prefixes parā- and ā-
  Prefixes: parā+ā
  Root: mṛś (class 6)

कुलस्त्रियः (kulastriyaḥ) - noble women, women of good family

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of kulastrī

kulastrī - woman of good family, noble woman

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (kula+strī)

• kula – family, lineage, noble lineage
  noun (neuter)
• strī – woman, female
  noun (feminine)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

अकुलाः (akulāḥ) - distressed, agitated, bewildered, uneasy

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of akula

akula - distressed, agitated, not tranquil

Compound type : Nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+kula)

• a – not, un-, non-
  indeclinable
• kula – tranquil, calm, peaceful (as adjective); family, lineage (as noun)
  adjective