वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-42, verse-15

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तेन मर्मणि निर्विद्धः शरेणानुपमेन हि ।
मृगरूपं तु तत्त्यक्त्वा राक्षसं रूपमात्मनः ।
चक्रे स सुमहाकायो मारीचो जीवितं त्यजन् ॥१५॥

15. tena marmaṇi nirviddhaḥ śareṇānupamena hi ,
mṛgarūpaṃ tu tattyaktvā rākṣasaṃ rūpamātmanaḥ ,
cakre sa sumahākāyo mārīco jīvitaṃ tyajan.

15. tena marmaṇi nirviddaḥ śareṇa anupamena
hi | mṛga-rūpam tu tat tyaktvā
rākṣasam rūpam ātmanaḥ | cakre saḥ
su-mahā-kāyaḥ mārīcaḥ jīvitam tyajan

15. hi tena anupamena śareṇa marmaṇi nirviddaḥ,
saḥ su-mahā-kāyaḥ mārīcaḥ jīvitam tyajan tu tat mṛga-rūpam tyaktvā ātmanaḥ rākṣasam rūpam cakre

15. Indeed, pierced in the vital spot by that incomparable arrow, Maricha, who was exceedingly large-bodied, abandoning that deer form, assumed his own demonic form as he gave up his life.

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

तेन (tena) - by that (arrow) (by that (masculine/neuter))

मर्मणि (marmaṇi) - in the vital spot (in the vital spot, in the vulnerable point)

निर्विद्दः (nirviddaḥ) - pierced (pierced, struck, afflicted)

शरेण (śareṇa) - by the arrow

अनुपमेन (anupamena) - by the incomparable (by the incomparable, by the unequalled)

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for)

मृग-रूपम् (mṛga-rūpam) - deer form (deer-form, form of a deer)

तु (tu) - (emphatic) (but, however, indeed, then)

तत् (tat) - that (deer form) (that (neuter))

त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - abandoning (having abandoned, having left)

राक्षसम् (rākṣasam) - demonic (demonic, belonging to Rakshasas)

रूपम् (rūpam) - form (form, shape, appearance)

आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of his own (of oneself, of the soul, of the self (ātman))

चक्रे (cakre) - he assumed (he made, he did, he assumed)

सः (saḥ) - he (Maricha) (he, that)

सु-महा-कायः (su-mahā-kāyaḥ) - who was exceedingly large-bodied (having a very great body, gigantic)

मारीचः (mārīcaḥ) - Maricha (Maricha (proper noun))

जीवितम् (jīvitam) - life (life, livelihood)

त्यजन् (tyajan) - as he gave up (abandoning, leaving, giving up)

Words meanings and morphology

तेन (tena) - by that (arrow) (by that (masculine/neuter))

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

मर्मणि (marmaṇi) - in the vital spot (in the vital spot, in the vulnerable point)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of marman

marman - vital spot, vulnerable point, secret

N-stem noun.

Root: mṛ (class 6)

Note: Locative of place.

निर्विद्दः (nirviddaḥ) - pierced (pierced, struck, afflicted)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nirvidda

nirvidda - pierced, struck, wounded, disheartened

Past Passive Participle

From root vidh (to pierce, strike) with upasarga nir

Prefix: nir

Root: vidh (class 6)

शरेण (śareṇa) - by the arrow

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śara

śara - arrow, reed

अनुपमेन (anupamena) - by the incomparable (by the incomparable, by the unequalled)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of anupama

anupama - incomparable, unequalled, peerless

Compound: a (not) + upama (comparison).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+upama)

a – not, non-
indeclinable
Negative prefix
upama – comparison, simile, measure
noun (feminine)

Note: Agrees with 'śareṇa'.

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

मृग-रूपम् (mṛga-rūpam) - deer form (deer-form, form of a deer)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mṛgarūpa

mṛgarūpa - form of a deer, deer-form

Compound of mṛga (deer) and rūpa (form).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mṛga+rūpa)

mṛga – deer, wild animal
noun (masculine)
rūpa – form, shape, appearance, beauty
noun (neuter)

तु (tu) - (emphatic) (but, however, indeed, then)

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that (deer form) (that (neuter))

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - abandoning (having abandoned, having left)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root tyaj (to abandon)

Root: tyaj (class 1)

Note: Precedes the main verb 'cakre'.

राक्षसम् (rākṣasam) - demonic (demonic, belonging to Rakshasas)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - demonic, belonging to Rakshasas; a demon

From rakṣas (demon) + a (suffix).

Note: Agrees with 'rūpam'.

रूपम् (rūpam) - form (form, shape, appearance)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rūpa

rūpa - form, shape, appearance, beauty

आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of his own (of oneself, of the soul, of the self (ātman))

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence (ātman)

N-stem noun.

Root: an (class 2)

Note: Possessive, 'his own form'.

चक्रे (cakre) - he assumed (he made, he did, he assumed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (liṭ) of kṛ

Perfect, 3rd person singular middle

Reduplicated perfect form of root kṛ, middle voice implying 'for himself'.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

सः (saḥ) - he (Maricha) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject of 'cakre'.

सु-महा-कायः (su-mahā-kāyaḥ) - who was exceedingly large-bodied (having a very great body, gigantic)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sumahākāya

sumahākāya - having a very great body, gigantic

Compound: su (very) + mahā (great) + kāya (body).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+mahā+kāya)

su – good, well, very
indeclinable
Prefix indicating 'good' or 'very'
mahā – great, large, mighty
adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
Variant of mahat
kāya – body, collection
noun (masculine)
Root: ci (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'saḥ' and 'mārīcaḥ'.

मारीचः (mārīcaḥ) - Maricha (Maricha (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mārīca

mārīca - Maricha (name of a Rakshasa)

Son of Marīci (usually, but here a demon's name)

जीवितम् (jīvitam) - life (life, livelihood)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jīvita

jīvita - life, living, livelihood; also 'lived, alive' (participle)

Past Passive Participle (used as noun)

From root jīv (to live).