वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-39, verse-6

वध्याः खलु न हन्यन्ते सचिवास्तव रावण ।
ये त्वामुत्पथमारूढं न निगृह्णन्ति सर्वशः ॥६॥

6. vadhyāḥ khalu na hanyante sacivāstava rāvaṇa ,
ye tvāmutpathamārūḍhaṃ na nigṛhṇanti sarvaśaḥ.

6. vadhyāḥ khalu na hanyante sacivāḥ tava rāvaṇa
ye tvām utpatham ārūḍham na nigṛhṇanti sarvaśaḥ

6. rāvaṇa tava sacivāḥ ye tvām utpatham ārūḍham
sarvaśaḥ na nigṛhṇanti khalu vadhyāḥ na hanyante

6. O Rāvaṇa, your ministers, who completely fail to restrain you when you have embarked on a wrong path, are indeed not being killed, even though they deserve death.

Words meanings summery:

• वध्याः (vadhyāḥ) - those ministers deserving death (those who deserve to be killed, punishable, deserving death)

• खलु (khalu) - indeed (indeed, certainly, surely, truly)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• हन्यन्ते (hanyante) - are being killed (are killed, are slain, are struck)

• सचिवाः (sacivāḥ) - your ministers (ministers, companions, associates)

• तव (tava) - your (ministers) (your, of you)

• रावण (rāvaṇa) - O Rāvaṇa (vocative) (Rāvaṇa (proper name))

• ये (ye) - who (referring to ministers) (who, which (relative pronoun))

• त्वाम् (tvām) - you (Rāvaṇa) (you (accusative))

• उत्पथम् (utpatham) - a wrong path (that Rāvaṇa has taken) (wrong path, evil course, deviant path)

• आरूढम् (ārūḍham) - having embarked on (a wrong path) (having ascended, having mounted, having taken up, having embarked on)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• निगृह्णन्ति (nigṛhṇanti) - they (ministers) restrain (they restrain, they hold back, they subdue)

• सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - completely, in every way (entirely, completely, in every way, on all sides)

Words meanings and morphology

वध्याः (vadhyāḥ) - those ministers deserving death (those who deserve to be killed, punishable, deserving death)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vadhya

vadhya - deserving to be killed, punishable, to be slain

Gerundive (Karmaṇi Kṛtya)

From root √vadh (to strike, kill) + suffix -ya (kṛtya, expresses fitness or obligation)

Root: vadh (class 1)

खलु (khalu) - indeed (indeed, certainly, surely, truly)

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

हन्यन्ते (hanyante) - are being killed (are killed, are slain, are struck)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, present (laṭ) of han

Present Tense

Root √han, present tense passive voice, 3rd person plural

Root: han (class 2)

सचिवाः (sacivāḥ) - your ministers (ministers, companions, associates)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saciva

saciva - a companion, associate, minister, helper

From sa- + civa (from √ci to gather, or √civ to serve)

तव (tava) - your (ministers) (your, of you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Dative singular, genitive singular, or possessive adjective form of 'you'

रावण (rāvaṇa) - O Rāvaṇa (vocative) (Rāvaṇa (proper name))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Rāvaṇa (name of the demon king of Laṅkā)

ये (ye) - who (referring to ministers) (who, which (relative pronoun))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

Note: Agrees with 'sacivāḥ'.

त्वाम् (tvām) - you (Rāvaṇa) (you (accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Accusative singular form of 'you'

उत्पथम् (utpatham) - a wrong path (that Rāvaṇa has taken) (wrong path, evil course, deviant path)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of utpatha

utpatha - a wrong road, bad path, evil course, deviation

From ut- (away, out of) + patha (path).

Compound type : tatpurusha (ut+patha)

• ut – away, out, up, above
  indeclinable
  Prefix
• patha – path, road, way, course
  noun (masculine)
  From root √path (to go, move)
  Root: path (class 1)

आरूढम् (ārūḍham) - having embarked on (a wrong path) (having ascended, having mounted, having taken up, having embarked on)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ārūḍha

ārūḍha - ascended, mounted, climbed, arrived at, undertaken

Past Passive Participle

From prefix ā- + root √ruh (to ascend, grow) + suffix -ta

Prefix: ā

Root: ruh (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'tvām'.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

निगृह्णन्ति (nigṛhṇanti) - they (ministers) restrain (they restrain, they hold back, they subdue)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of grah

Present Tense

From prefix ni- + root √grah (to seize), present tense active voice, 3rd person plural

Prefix: ni

Root: grah (class 9)

सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - completely, in every way (entirely, completely, in every way, on all sides)

(indeclinable)

Formed with the taddhita suffix -śas from 'sarva'.