वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-39, verse-3

कस्त्वया सुखिना राजन्नाभिनन्दति पापकृत् ।
केनेदमुपदिष्टं ते मृत्युद्वारमुपायतः ॥३॥

3. kastvayā sukhinā rājannābhinandati pāpakṛt ,
kenedamupadiṣṭaṃ te mṛtyudvāramupāyataḥ.

3. kaḥ tvayā sukhinā rājan na abhinandati pāpakṛt
kena idam upadiṣṭam te mṛtyudvāram upayātaḥ

3. rājan tvayā sukhinā kaḥ pāpakṛt na abhinandati
te idam mṛtyudvāram upayātaḥ kena upadiṣṭam

3. O King, what evil-doer (who is your enemy) would rejoice with you in your happiness? By whom was this gateway to death advised to you as a strategy?

Words meanings summery:

• कः (kaḥ) - who, what

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• सुखिना (sukhinā) - by the happy one, by the prosperous one

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• न (na) - not, no

• अभिनन्दति (abhinandati) - rejoices, delights in

• पापकृत् (pāpakṛt) - evil-doer, sinner

• केन (kena) - by whom, by what

• इदम् (idam) - this

• उपदिष्टम् (upadiṣṭam) - advised, instructed, taught

• ते (te) - to you, of you

• मृत्युद्वारम् (mṛtyudvāram) - door of death, gateway to death

• उपयातः (upayātaḥ) - as a means, by means of a stratagem

Words meanings and morphology

कः (kaḥ) - who, what

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

सुखिना (sukhinā) - by the happy one, by the prosperous one

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sukhin

sukhin - happy, joyful, prosperous

Derived from sukha (happiness) with -in suffix

Note: Agrees with 'tvayā'

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अभिनन्दति (abhinandati) - rejoices, delights in

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of abhinand

From root nand (to rejoice) with upasarga abhi- (towards, unto)

Prefix: abhi

Root: nand (class 1)

पापकृत् (pāpakṛt) - evil-doer, sinner

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāpakṛt

pāpakṛt - evil-doer, sinner, one who does evil deeds

Compound type : tatpurusha (pāpa+kṛt)

• pāpa – evil, bad, wicked, sin
  adjective (neuter)
• kṛt – doer, maker
  noun (masculine)
  From root kṛ (to do)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

केन (kena) - by whom, by what

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this

उपदिष्टम् (upadiṣṭam) - advised, instructed, taught

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of upadiṣṭa

upadiṣṭa - advised, instructed, taught

Past Passive Participle

From root diś (to point, show) with upasarga upa- (towards, near)

Prefix: upa

Root: diś (class 6)

ते (te) - to you, of you

(pronoun)

singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Enclitic form

मृत्युद्वारम् (mṛtyudvāram) - door of death, gateway to death

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mṛtyudvāra

mṛtyudvāra - door of death, gateway to death

Compound type : tatpurusha (mṛtyu+dvāra)

• mṛtyu – death
  noun (masculine)
  From root mṛ (to die)
  Root: mṛ (class 6)
• dvāra – door, gate
  noun (neuter)

उपयातः (upayātaḥ) - as a means, by means of a stratagem

(indeclinable)

Derived from upāya (means, device) with the tasil suffix

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