वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-39, verse-18

दर्शनादेव रामस्य हतं मामुपधारय ।
आत्मानं च हतं विद्धि हृत्वा सीतां सबान्धवम् ॥१८॥

18. darśanādeva rāmasya hataṃ māmupadhāraya ,
ātmānaṃ ca hataṃ viddhi hṛtvā sītāṃ sabāndhavam.

18. darśanāt eva rāmasya hatam mām upadhāraya |
ātmānam ca hatam viddhi hṛtvā sītām sabāndhavam

18. rāmasya darśanāt eva mām hatam upadhāraya
sītām hṛtvā ca sabāndhavam ātmānam hatam viddhi

18. Understand that I am as good as dead by the mere sight of Rama. And know that you, along with your kinsmen, are as good as dead for having abducted Sita.

Words meanings summery:

• दर्शनात् (darśanāt) - from seeing, from sight, by perception

• एव (eva) - just, only, indeed, certainly

• रामस्य (rāmasya) - of Rama

• हतम् (hatam) - as good as killed (referring to Maricha) (killed, struck, destroyed)

• माम् (mām) - me, myself

• उपधारय (upadhāraya) - consider, ascertain, perceive, remember

• आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - oneself (referring to Ravana) (oneself, the self, soul, spirit)

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• हतम् (hatam) - as good as killed (referring to Ravana's self) (killed, struck, destroyed)

• विद्धि (viddhi) - know, understand

• हृत्वा (hṛtvā) - having carried away, having seized, having stolen

• सीताम् (sītām) - Sita

• सबान्धवम् (sabāndhavam) - with relatives, along with kinsmen

Words meanings and morphology

दर्शनात् (darśanāt) - from seeing, from sight, by perception

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of darśana

darśana - seeing, sight, perception, doctrine

Root: dṛś (class 1)

एव (eva) - just, only, indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

रामस्य (rāmasya) - of Rama

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (name of a king, incarnation of Vishnu)

हतम् (hatam) - as good as killed (referring to Maricha) (killed, struck, destroyed)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - killed, struck, destroyed, vanquished

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'han' (to strike, kill) with suffix 'kta' (ta).

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'mām'.

माम् (mām) - me, myself

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I, myself

उपधारय (upadhāraya) - consider, ascertain, perceive, remember

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of upadhāraya

Causal verb

Derived from root 'dhṛ' (to hold) with upasarga 'upa', in causal form.

Prefix: upa

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - oneself (referring to Ravana) (oneself, the self, soul, spirit)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence, living being

Root: an (class 2)

Note: One of the specific words to transliterate in translation.

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

हतम् (hatam) - as good as killed (referring to Ravana's self) (killed, struck, destroyed)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - killed, struck, destroyed, vanquished

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'han' (to strike, kill) with suffix 'kta' (ta).

Root: han (class 2)

Note: This 'hatam' modifies 'ātmānam'.

विद्धि (viddhi) - know, understand

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of vid

Irregular formation from root 'vid' (to know).

Root: vid (class 2)

हृत्वा (hṛtvā) - having carried away, having seized, having stolen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root 'hṛ' (to carry, seize) with suffix 'ktvā'.

Root: hṛ (class 1)

सीताम् (sītām) - Sita

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sītā

sītā - Sita (wife of Rama)

सबान्धवम् (sabāndhavam) - with relatives, along with kinsmen

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sabāndhava

sabāndhava - accompanied by relatives, with kinsmen

Compound formed with 'sa-' (with) and 'bāndhava' (relative).

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (sa+bāndhava)

• sa – with, accompanied by, together with
  indeclinable
• bāndhava – relative, kinsman, friend
  noun (masculine)

Note: This modifies 'ātmānam'.

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