वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-39, verse-15

अवश्यं विनशिष्यन्ति सर्वे रावण राक्षसाः ।
येषां त्वं कर्कशो राजा दुर्बुद्धिरजितेन्द्रियः ॥१५॥

15. avaśyaṃ vinaśiṣyanti sarve rāvaṇa rākṣasāḥ ,
yeṣāṃ tvaṃ karkaśo rājā durbuddhirajitendriyaḥ.

15. avaśyam vinaśiṣyanti sarve rāvaṇa rākṣasāḥ |
yeṣām tvam karkaśaḥ rājā durbuddhiḥ ajitendriyaḥ

15. rāvaṇa sarve rākṣasāḥ avaśyam vinaśiṣyanti
yeṣām tvam karkaśaḥ rājā durbuddhiḥ ajitendriyaḥ

15. O Rāvaṇa, all the rākṣasas will certainly perish, because you are their king—harsh, foolish, and unrestrained in your senses.

Words meanings summery:

• अवश्यम् (avaśyam) - certainly, inevitably (certainly, inevitably, necessarily)

• विनशिष्यन्ति (vinaśiṣyanti) - will certainly perish (will perish, will be destroyed, will vanish)

• सर्वे (sarve) - all (all, every)

• रावण (rāvaṇa) - O Rāvaṇa (proper noun in vocative) (O Rāvaṇa)

• राक्षसाः (rākṣasāḥ) - rākṣasas (a class of demons) (rākṣasas, demons)

• येषाम् (yeṣām) - of whom (referring to rākṣasāḥ) (of whom, whose)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (referring to Rāvaṇa) (you)

• कर्कशः (karkaśaḥ) - harsh, cruel (harsh, cruel, rough, hard)

• राजा (rājā) - king (king, ruler)

• दुर्बुद्धिः (durbuddhiḥ) - foolish, evil-minded (evil-minded, foolish, having bad intellect)

• अजितेन्द्रियः (ajitendriyaḥ) - unrestrained in senses, lacking control over one's senses (one whose senses are unconquered, unrestrained in senses, lacking control over senses)

Words meanings and morphology

अवश्यम् (avaśyam) - certainly, inevitably (certainly, inevitably, necessarily)

(indeclinable)

From avaśa (not free, dependent) + -am (adverbial suffix)

Prefix: ava

Root: vaś

Note: Adverb.

विनशिष्यन्ति (vinaśiṣyanti) - will certainly perish (will perish, will be destroyed, will vanish)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, future (lṛṭ) of vinaś

Future tense, Active voice, 3rd person plural

From vi (prefix) + root naś (to perish, class 4 parasmāipāda)

Prefix: vi

Root: naś (class 4)

Note: The subject is rākṣasāḥ.

सर्वे (sarve) - all (all, every)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Agrees with rākṣasāḥ.

रावण (rāvaṇa) - O Rāvaṇa (proper noun in vocative) (O Rāvaṇa)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Rāvaṇa (name of the demon king of Laṅkā)

राक्षसाः (rākṣasāḥ) - rākṣasas (a class of demons) (rākṣasas, demons)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - demon, evil spirit, rākṣasa

From root rakṣ (to guard/harm) or derived from rakṣa + asa (suffix)

Root: rakṣ

Note: Subject of vinaśiṣyanti.

येषाम् (yeṣām) - of whom (referring to rākṣasāḥ) (of whom, whose)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

Note: Refers to rākṣasāḥ as the possessor of the king.

त्वम् (tvam) - you (referring to Rāvaṇa) (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (2nd person pronoun)

Note: Subject of implied 'are'.

कर्कशः (karkaśaḥ) - harsh, cruel (harsh, cruel, rough, hard)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karkaśa

karkaśa - harsh, rough, cruel, hard, unfeeling

राजा (rājā) - king (king, ruler)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

Root: rāj

Note: Predicate nominative for tvam.

दुर्बुद्धिः (durbuddhiḥ) - foolish, evil-minded (evil-minded, foolish, having bad intellect)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durbuddhi

durbuddhi - foolish, evil-minded, dull-witted, bad intellect

From dur (bad, evil) + buddhi (intellect, mind)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dur+buddhi)

• dur – bad, evil, difficult
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating 'bad' or 'difficult'.
• buddhi – intellect, understanding, mind, reason
  noun (feminine)
  From root budh (to know, understand)
  Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Predicate nominative for tvam.

अजितेन्द्रियः (ajitendriyaḥ) - unrestrained in senses, lacking control over one's senses (one whose senses are unconquered, unrestrained in senses, lacking control over senses)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ajitendriya

ajitendriya - one who has not conquered his senses, unrestrained in senses

From a (not) + jita (conquered) + indriya (senses)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+jita+indriya)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• jita – conquered, subdued, won
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root ji (to conquer)
  Root: ji (class 1)
• indriya – sense organ, power, faculty
  noun (neuter)

Note: Predicate nominative for tvam.