वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-39, verse-13

बहवः साधवो लोके युक्तधर्ममनुष्ठिताः ।
परेषामपराधेन विनष्टाः सपरिच्छदाः ॥१३॥

13. bahavaḥ sādhavo loke yuktadharmamanuṣṭhitāḥ ,
pareṣāmaparādhena vinaṣṭāḥ saparicchadāḥ.

13. bahavaḥ sādhavaḥ loke yuktam dharmam anuṣṭhitāḥ
pareṣām aparādhena vinaṣṭāḥ saparicchadāḥ

13. loke bahavaḥ sādhavaḥ yuktam dharmam anuṣṭhitāḥ
pareṣām aparādhena saparicchadāḥ vinaṣṭāḥ

13. In this world, many virtuous individuals, who diligently follow the proper natural law (dharma), have perished along with their families, due to the transgressions of others.

Words meanings summery:

• बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many

• साधवः (sādhavaḥ) - good, righteous, virtuous people

• लोके (loke) - in the world, in this world

• युक्तम् (yuktam) - proper, right, joined, endowed with

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - natural law (dharma) (natural law, constitution, righteousness, duty)

• अनुष्ठिताः (anuṣṭhitāḥ) - engaged in, practicing, following, established in

• परेषाम् (pareṣām) - of others, of enemies

• अपराधेन (aparādhena) - by the offense, by the fault, by the transgression

• विनष्टाः (vinaṣṭāḥ) - perished, destroyed, ruined

• सपरिच्छदाः (saparicchadāḥ) - with their families, with their possessions

Words meanings and morphology

बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, numerous

साधवः (sādhavaḥ) - good, righteous, virtuous people

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sādhu

sādhu - good, virtuous, righteous; holy man

लोके (loke) - in the world, in this world

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, realm, people

युक्तम् (yuktam) - proper, right, joined, endowed with

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yukta

yukta - joined, yoked, engaged, proper, right, suitable

Past Passive Participle

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Modifies 'dharmam'.

धर्मम् (dharmam) - natural law (dharma) (natural law, constitution, righteousness, duty)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, righteousness, duty, virtue

derived from root dhṛ (to uphold, support) with the suffix -man

Root: dhṛ

अनुष्ठिताः (anuṣṭhitāḥ) - engaged in, practicing, following, established in

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anuṣṭhita

anuṣṭhita - performed, observed, practiced, established in

Past Passive Participle

Prefix: anu

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'sādhavaḥ'.

परेषाम् (pareṣām) - of others, of enemies

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of para

para - other, another, supreme, distant

अपराधेन (aparādhena) - by the offense, by the fault, by the transgression

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of aparādha

aparādha - offense, transgression, fault, crime

Prefix: apa

Root: rādh (class 5)

विनष्टाः (vinaṣṭāḥ) - perished, destroyed, ruined

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vinaṣṭa

vinaṣṭa - destroyed, lost, ruined, perished

Past Passive Participle

Prefix: vi

Root: naś (class 4)

सपरिच्छदाः (saparicchadāḥ) - with their families, with their possessions

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saparicchada

saparicchada - accompanied by retinue/family/possessions

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+paricchada)

• sa – with, together with (prefix)
  indeclinable
• paricchada – retinue, family, belongings, apparatus
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: pari
  Root: chad (class 10)

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