वाल्मीकि-रामायणम्
vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam
-
book-3, chapter-26, verse-19
हतशेषास्ततो भग्ना राक्षसाः खरसंश्रयाः ।
द्रवन्ति स्म न तिष्ठन्ति व्याघ्रत्रस्ता मृगा इव ॥१९॥
द्रवन्ति स्म न तिष्ठन्ति व्याघ्रत्रस्ता मृगा इव ॥१९॥
19. hataśeṣāstato bhagnā rākṣasāḥ kharasaṃśrayāḥ ,
dravanti sma na tiṣṭhanti vyāghratrastā mṛgā iva.
dravanti sma na tiṣṭhanti vyāghratrastā mṛgā iva.
19.
hata-śeṣāḥ tataḥ bhagnāḥ rākṣasāḥ khara-saṃśrayāḥ
dravanti sma na tiṣṭhanti vyāghra-trastāḥ mṛgāḥ iva
dravanti sma na tiṣṭhanti vyāghra-trastāḥ mṛgāḥ iva
19.
tataḥ hata-śeṣāḥ bhagnāḥ khara-saṃśrayāḥ rākṣasāḥ
vyāghra-trastāḥ mṛgāḥ iva dravanti sma na tiṣṭhanti
vyāghra-trastāḥ mṛgāḥ iva dravanti sma na tiṣṭhanti
19.
Then, the remaining demons (rākṣasas), who had sought refuge with Khara and were now routed, fled without stopping, just like deer terrified by a tiger.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- हत-शेषाः (hata-śeṣāḥ) - those remaining after being killed, survivors
- ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon
- भग्नाः (bhagnāḥ) - broken, routed, defeated
- राक्षसाः (rākṣasāḥ) - demons, evil spirits
- खर-संश्रयाः (khara-saṁśrayāḥ) - those who resorted to Khara, Khara's followers
- द्रवन्ति (dravanti) - they run, they flee
- स्म (sma) - (particle indicating past tense with present verbs)
- न (na) - not, no
- तिष्ठन्ति (tiṣṭhanti) - they stand, they stop, they remain
- व्याघ्र-त्रस्ताः (vyāghra-trastāḥ) - terrified by a tiger
- मृगाः (mṛgāḥ) - deer, wild animals
- इव (iva) - like, as, as if
Words meanings and morphology
हत-शेषाः (hata-śeṣāḥ) - those remaining after being killed, survivors
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of hata-śeṣa
hata-śeṣa - remaining after being killed/destroyed
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (hata+śeṣa)
- hata – killed, destroyed
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
Root: han (class 2) - śeṣa – remainder, remaining
noun/adjective (masculine)
Root: śiṣ (class 7)
ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon
(indeclinable)
Ablative suffix -tas added to pronoun ta.
भग्नाः (bhagnāḥ) - broken, routed, defeated
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of bhagna
bhagna - broken, defeated, routed
Past Passive Participle
Root: bhañj (class 7)
राक्षसाः (rākṣasāḥ) - demons, evil spirits
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of rākṣasa
rākṣasa - demon, belonging to a Rakshasa
खर-संश्रयाः (khara-saṁśrayāḥ) - those who resorted to Khara, Khara's followers
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of khara-saṃśraya
khara-saṁśraya - having Khara as a refuge, resorting to Khara
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (khara+saṃśraya)
- khara – Khara (a proper name of a demon)
proper noun (masculine) - saṃśraya – refuge, resort, shelter, dwelling
noun (masculine)
Prefix: sam
Root: śri (class 1)
द्रवन्ति (dravanti) - they run, they flee
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, present (Laṭ) of dru
Root: dru (class 1)
स्म (sma) - (particle indicating past tense with present verbs)
(indeclinable)
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
तिष्ठन्ति (tiṣṭhanti) - they stand, they stop, they remain
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, present (Laṭ) of sthā
Root: sthā (class 1)
व्याघ्र-त्रस्ताः (vyāghra-trastāḥ) - terrified by a tiger
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of vyāghra-trasta
vyāghra-trasta - frightened by a tiger
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vyāghra+trasta)
- vyāghra – tiger
noun (masculine) - trasta – frightened, scared, terrified
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
Root: tras (class 1)
मृगाः (mṛgāḥ) - deer, wild animals
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of mṛga
mṛga - deer, wild animal, gazelle
इव (iva) - like, as, as if
(indeclinable)