वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-84, verse-4

वसिष्ठमथ दृष्ट्वैव भरद्वाजो महातपाः ।
संचचालासनात्तूर्णं शिष्यानर्घ्यमिति ब्रुवन् ॥४॥

4. vasiṣṭhamatha dṛṣṭvaiva bharadvājo mahātapāḥ ,
saṃcacālāsanāttūrṇaṃ śiṣyānarghyamiti bruvan.

4. vasiṣṭham atha dṛṣṭvā eva bharadvājaḥ mahātapaḥ
sañcacāla āsanāt tūrṇam śiṣyān arghyam iti bruvan

4. atha mahātapaḥ bharadvājaḥ vasiṣṭham eva dṛṣṭvā
tūrṇam āsanāt sañcacāla śiṣyān arghyam iti bruvan

4. Then, as soon as the great ascetic (mahātapaḥ) Bharadvāja saw Vasiṣṭha, he quickly stirred from his seat, instructing his disciples, "The respectful offering (arghya)!"

Words meanings summery:

• वसिष्ठम् (vasiṣṭham) - the sage Vasiṣṭha (Vasiṣṭha)

• अथ (atha) - then (then, thereupon, now)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• एव (eva) - as soon as, just (indeed, only, just, even)

• भरद्वाजः (bharadvājaḥ) - the sage Bharadvāja (Bharadvāja)

• महातपः (mahātapaḥ) - the great ascetic (mahātapaḥ) (of great austerities, great ascetic)

• सञ्चचाल (sañcacāla) - stirred (from his seat) (moved, stirred, shook)

• आसनात् (āsanāt) - from his seat (from the seat, from sitting)

• तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly (quickly, swiftly)

• शिष्यान् (śiṣyān) - his (Bharadvāja's) disciples (disciples, pupils)

• अर्घ्यम् (arghyam) - the respectful offering (for a guest) (arghya) (respectful offering (of water, flowers, etc.), water for reception)

• इति (iti) - thus (marking direct speech) (thus, so, saying, in this manner)

• ब्रुवन् (bruvan) - saying (to his disciples) (speaking, saying)

Words meanings and morphology

वसिष्ठम् (vasiṣṭham) - the sage Vasiṣṭha (Vasiṣṭha)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vasiṣṭha

vasiṣṭha - Vasiṣṭha (name of a prominent sage)

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'.

अथ (atha) - then (then, thereupon, now)

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a new event or sequence.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

absolutive

from root dṛś with suffix -tvā

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Denotes an action completed before the main verb.

एव (eva) - as soon as, just (indeed, only, just, even)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with 'dṛṣṭvā' to mean "as soon as he saw."

भरद्वाजः (bharadvājaḥ) - the sage Bharadvāja (Bharadvāja)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bharadvāja

bharadvāja - Bharadvāja (name of a sage)

Note: Subject of 'sañcacāla'.

महातपः (mahātapaḥ) - the great ascetic (mahātapaḥ) (of great austerities, great ascetic)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahātapas

mahātapas - of great austerities, great ascetic, great penance

compound of mahā (great) and tapas (austerity)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+tapas)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
• tapas – heat, austerity, penance
  noun (neuter)
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Adjective modifying 'bharadvājaḥ'.

सञ्चचाल (sañcacāla) - stirred (from his seat) (moved, stirred, shook)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of cal

perfect active

reduplicated perfect form of root cal, with upasarga sam

Prefix: sam

Root: cal (class 1)

Note: The 'ñ' is due to sandhi within the verbal prefix.

आसनात् (āsanāt) - from his seat (from the seat, from sitting)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of āsana

āsana - seat, sitting, posture

from root ās 'to sit'

Root: ās (class 2)

Note: Indicates separation from the seat.

तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly (quickly, swiftly)

(indeclinable)

adverbial form of tūrṇa (swift)

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Adverb modifying 'sañcacāla'.

शिष्यान् (śiṣyān) - his (Bharadvāja's) disciples (disciples, pupils)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śiṣya

śiṣya - disciple, pupil

gerundive/passive participle

from root śās 'to teach', with suffix -ya

Root: śās (class 2)

Note: Object of the implied verb of saying.

अर्घ्यम् (arghyam) - the respectful offering (for a guest) (arghya) (respectful offering (of water, flowers, etc.), water for reception)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of arghya

arghya - respectful offering, water offered to a guest, valuable, worthy of veneration

gerundive

from root arh 'to be worthy', with suffix -ya

Root: arh (class 1)

Note: Direct speech, the object of 'bruvan'.

इति (iti) - thus (marking direct speech) (thus, so, saying, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

ब्रुवन् (bruvan) - saying (to his disciples) (speaking, saying)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bruvant

bruvant - speaking, saying

Present Active Participle

from root brū 'to speak', suffix -at

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'bharadvājaḥ', indicating a simultaneous action.