वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-84, verse-11

सुषुवे यम मित्रघ्नं कौसल्यानन्दवर्धनम् ।
भ्रात्रा सह सभार्यो यश्चिरं प्रव्राजितो वनम् ॥११॥

11. suṣuve yama mitraghnaṃ kausalyānandavardhanam ,
bhrātrā saha sabhāryo yaściraṃ pravrājito vanam.

11. suṣuve yam mitraghnam kausalyānandavardhanam
bhrātrā saha sabhāryaḥ yaḥ ciram pravrājitaḥ vanam

11. kausalyā yam mitraghnam ānandavardhanam suṣuve
yaḥ sabhāryaḥ bhrātrā saha ciram vanam pravrājitaḥ

11. Kaushalya gave birth to him, the vanquisher of foes, who increased her joy, and who, with his brother and wife, was exiled to the forest for a long time.

Words meanings summery:

• सुषुवे (suṣuve) - gave birth

• यम् (yam) - (referring to Rāma) (whom)

• मित्रघ्नम् (mitraghnam) - enemy-slayer (referring to Rāma) (enemy-slayer, killer of friends)

• कौसल्यानन्दवर्धनम् (kausalyānandavardhanam) - (referring to Rāma) (increaser of Kaushalya's joy)

• भ्रात्रा (bhrātrā) - (referring to Lakṣmaṇa) (by/with brother)

• सह (saha) - with, accompanied by

• सभार्यः (sabhāryaḥ) - (referring to Sītā) (with wife, accompanied by his wife)

• यः (yaḥ) - (referring to Rāma) (who)

• चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time

• प्रव्राजितः (pravrājitaḥ) - exiled, banished, sent forth

• वनम् (vanam) - forest, woods

Words meanings and morphology

सुषुवे (suṣuve) - gave birth

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of sū

Perfect Active 3rd Singular

From root sū, reduplicated form su-ṣuve (ātmanepada)

Root: sū (class 2)

Note: Middle voice form with active meaning.

यम् (yam) - (referring to Rāma) (whom)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

मित्रघ्नम् (mitraghnam) - enemy-slayer (referring to Rāma) (enemy-slayer, killer of friends)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mitraghna

mitraghna - killer of friends; destroyer of enemies

Compound formed with mitra and ghna (from han)

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (mitra+ghna)

• mitra – friend; sun; (in Puranic context, a specific Aditya or deity of friendship and contracts)
  noun (masculine)
• ghna – killing; destroying; killer; slayer
  adjective (masculine)
  Suffix derived from root han (to strike, kill)
  Root: han (class 2)

कौसल्यानन्दवर्धनम् (kausalyānandavardhanam) - (referring to Rāma) (increaser of Kaushalya's joy)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kausalyānandavardhana

kausalyānandavardhana - one who increases Kaushalya's joy

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī tatpuruṣa (kausalyā+ānanda+vardhana)

• kausalyā – Kaushalya (name of Rama's mother)
  proper noun (feminine)
• ānanda – joy, happiness, bliss
  noun (masculine)
  From root nand (to rejoice) with prefix ā
  Prefix: ā
  Root: nand (class 1)
• vardhana – increasing, augmenting, causing to grow
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root vṛdh (to grow) with suffix -ana
  Root: vṛdh (class 1)

भ्रात्रा (bhrātrā) - (referring to Lakṣmaṇa) (by/with brother)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

सह (saha) - with, accompanied by

(indeclinable)

सभार्यः (sabhāryaḥ) - (referring to Sītā) (with wife, accompanied by his wife)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sabhārya

sabhārya - having a wife, with wife

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+bhārya)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
  Prefix used in compounds to indicate 'with' or 'having'
• bhārya – wife
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root bhṛ (to bear, support)
  Root: bhṛ (class 3)

यः (yaḥ) - (referring to Rāma) (who)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions adverbially as an accusative of duration.

प्रव्राजितः (pravrājitaḥ) - exiled, banished, sent forth

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pravrājita

pravrājita - exiled, banished; one who has gone forth (into asceticism)

Past Passive Participle

From root vraj (to go) with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: vraj (class 1)

वनम् (vanam) - forest, woods

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove; water

Note: Used here to indicate the destination of movement.