वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-84, verse-19

उवाच तं भरद्वाजः प्रसादाद्भरतं वचः ।
त्वय्येतत् पुरुषव्याघ्र युक्तं राघववंशजे ।
गुरुवृत्तिर्दमश्चैव साधूनां चानुयायिता ॥१९॥

19. uvāca taṃ bharadvājaḥ prasādādbharataṃ vacaḥ ,
tvayyetat puruṣavyāghra yuktaṃ rāghavavaṃśaje ,
guruvṛttirdamaścaiva sādhūnāṃ cānuyāyitā.

19. uvāca tam bharadvājaḥ prasādāt
bharatam vacaḥ tvayi etat puruṣavyāghra
yuktam rāghavavaṃśaje guruvṛttiḥ
damaḥ ca eva sādhūnām ca anuyāyitā

19. bharadvājaḥ prasādāt tam bharatam
vacaḥ uvāca puruṣavyāghra rāghavavaṃśaje
tvayi etat guruvṛttiḥ damaḥ
ca eva sādhūnām ca anuyāyitā yuktam

19. Sage Bharadvaja, out of compassion, spoke these words to Bharata: "This conduct — respect for teachers (guru), self-control, and adherence to the path of righteous people — is indeed fitting for you, O tiger among men, born in the lineage of Raghu."

Words meanings summery:

• उवाच (uvāca) - Bharadvaja spoke (he spoke, he said)

• तम् (tam) - Bharata (him, that)

• भरद्वाजः (bharadvājaḥ) - Sage Bharadvaja (Bharadvaja (a sage))

• प्रसादात् (prasādāt) - out of compassion (from grace, by favor, out of kindness)

• भरतम् (bharatam) - to Bharata (Bharata)

• वचः (vacaḥ) - these words (word, speech)

• त्वयि (tvayi) - in you

• एतत् (etat) - this (conduct) (this, this one)

• पुरुषव्याघ्र (puruṣavyāghra) - O tiger among men (vocative for Bharata) (O tiger among men, O best of men)

• युक्तम् (yuktam) - fitting, appropriate (proper, fitting, joined, endowed with)

• राघववंशजे (rāghavavaṁśaje) - O you who are born in the Raghu lineage (vocative for Bharata) (born in the lineage of Raghu, descendant of Raghu)

• गुरुवृत्तिः (guruvṛttiḥ) - respect for teachers (guru) (conduct towards gurus, respect for teachers/elders)

• दमः (damaḥ) - self-control (self-control, restraint)

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, certainly, only)

• साधूनाम् (sādhūnām) - of righteous people (of good people, of righteous ones)

• च (ca) - and

• अनुयायिता (anuyāyitā) - adherence (to the ways of) (adherence, following, imitation)

Words meanings and morphology

उवाच (uvāca) - Bharadvaja spoke (he spoke, he said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Tense

3rd person singular active, Parasmaipada, from root vac (class 2)

Root: vac (class 2)

तम् (tam) - Bharata (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

भरद्वाजः (bharadvājaḥ) - Sage Bharadvaja (Bharadvaja (a sage))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bharadvāja

bharadvāja - Bharadvaja (name of a Vedic sage)

प्रसादात् (prasādāt) - out of compassion (from grace, by favor, out of kindness)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of prasāda

prasāda - grace, favor, kindness, blessing, serenity

from pra-sad (to be clear, propitious)

Prefix: pra

Root: sad

भरतम् (bharatam) - to Bharata (Bharata)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bharata

bharata - Bharata (name of Rama's brother), one who is maintained, one who bears

वचः (vacaḥ) - these words (word, speech)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, saying

त्वयि (tvayi) - in you

(pronoun)

Locative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (2nd person pronoun)

एतत् (etat) - this (conduct) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

पुरुषव्याघ्र (puruṣavyāghra) - O tiger among men (vocative for Bharata) (O tiger among men, O best of men)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of puruṣavyāghra

puruṣavyāghra - tiger among men, best of men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+vyāghra)

• puruṣa – man, person, male
  noun (masculine)
• vyāghra – tiger
  noun (masculine)

युक्तम् (yuktam) - fitting, appropriate (proper, fitting, joined, endowed with)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yukta

yukta - joined, united, endowed with, proper, fit, attentive

Past Passive Participle

From root yuj + kta suffix

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Agrees with etat.

राघववंशजे (rāghavavaṁśaje) - O you who are born in the Raghu lineage (vocative for Bharata) (born in the lineage of Raghu, descendant of Raghu)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāghavavaṃśaja

rāghavavaṁśaja - born in the lineage of Raghu

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rāghava+vaṃśa+ja)

• rāghava – descendant of Raghu, belonging to Raghu
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from Raghu with aṇ suffix
• vaṃśa – lineage, race, family, bamboo
  noun (masculine)
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective (masculine)
  Suffix -ja added to a noun to mean 'born from' or 'produced from'
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Agrees with puruṣavyāghra (Bharata).

गुरुवृत्तिः (guruvṛttiḥ) - respect for teachers (guru) (conduct towards gurus, respect for teachers/elders)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of guruvṛtti

guruvṛtti - conduct towards a guru, reverence for a teacher

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (guru+vṛtti)

• guru – teacher, preceptor, respected elder
  noun (masculine)
• vṛtti – conduct, behaviour, course of action, mode of life
  noun (feminine)
  From root vṛt
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Part of the list of qualities that are 'fitting'.

दमः (damaḥ) - self-control (self-control, restraint)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dama

dama - self-control, restraint, subjugation

From root dam

Root: dam (class 4)

Note: Part of the list of qualities that are 'fitting'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, certainly, only)

(indeclinable)

साधूनाम् (sādhūnām) - of righteous people (of good people, of righteous ones)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sādhu

sādhu - good, virtuous, righteous, holy man

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अनुयायिता (anuyāyitā) - adherence (to the ways of) (adherence, following, imitation)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of anuyāyitā

anuyāyitā - adherence, following, discipleship

Derived from anuyāyin (follower) + tā (abstract suffix)

Prefix: anu

Root: yā

Note: Part of the list of qualities that are 'fitting'.