वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-71, verse-4

ततः प्रभातसमये दिवसे ऽथ त्रयोदशे ।
विललाप महाबाहुर्भरतः शोकमूर्छितः ॥४॥

4. tataḥ prabhātasamaye divase'tha trayodaśe ,
vilalāpa mahābāhurbharataḥ śokamūrchitaḥ.

4. tataḥ prabhātasamaye divase atha trayodaśe
vilalāpa mahābāhuḥ bharataḥ śokamūrcitaḥ

4. tataḥ atha trayodaśe divase prabhātasamaye
śokamūrcitaḥ mahābāhuḥ bharataḥ vilalāpa

4. Then, at dawn on the thirteenth day, Bharata, the mighty-armed (mahābāhu), lamented, overcome with sorrow.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereupon)

• प्रभातसमये (prabhātasamaye) - at dawn (at the time of dawn, at dawn)

• दिवसे (divase) - on the day (on the day, in the day)

• अथ (atha) - and, thereupon (and, now, then, moreover)

• त्रयोदशे (trayodaśe) - on the thirteenth (on the thirteenth, in the thirteenth)

• विललाप (vilalāpa) - lamented (he lamented, he wailed)

• महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - the mighty-armed (mahābāhu) (mighty-armed, strong-armed)

• भरतः (bharataḥ) - Bharata (Bharata (proper noun))

• शोकमूर्चितः (śokamūrcitaḥ) - overcome with sorrow (overcome by sorrow, fainted with grief)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereupon)

(indeclinable)

प्रभातसमये (prabhātasamaye) - at dawn (at the time of dawn, at dawn)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of prabhātasamaya

prabhātasamaya - time of dawn, morning

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (prabhāta+samaya)

• prabhāta – dawn, morning, broken forth
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  from pra-bhā (to shine forth)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: bhā (class 2)
• samaya – time, season, proper moment, convention
  noun (masculine)

Note: Temporal setting

दिवसे (divase) - on the day (on the day, in the day)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of divasa

divasa - day

Note: Temporal setting

अथ (atha) - and, thereupon (and, now, then, moreover)

(indeclinable)

त्रयोदशे (trayodaśe) - on the thirteenth (on the thirteenth, in the thirteenth)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of trayodaśa

trayodaśa - thirteen, thirteenth

Note: Agrees with divase

विललाप (vilalāpa) - lamented (he lamented, he wailed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vilap

Perfect

Perfect 3rd person singular, active voice of vi-lap

Prefix: vi

Root: lap (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence

महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - the mighty-armed (mahābāhu) (mighty-armed, strong-armed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābāhu

mahābāhu - having great arms, mighty-armed; a person of great strength

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bāhu)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)

Note: Epithet for Bharata

भरतः (bharataḥ) - Bharata (Bharata (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bharata

bharata - Bharata (name of a king, a sage, Rama's brother)

Note: Subject of vilalāpa

शोकमूर्चितः (śokamūrcitaḥ) - overcome with sorrow (overcome by sorrow, fainted with grief)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śokamūrcita

śokamūrcita - fainted from grief, overcome by sorrow

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śoka+mūrcita)

• śoka – sorrow, grief, anguish
  noun (masculine)
• mūrcita – fainted, unconscious, overcome
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root mūrc (to faint)
  Root: mūrc (class 1)

Note: Agrees with Bharataḥ

Previous Verse Next Verse