वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-71, verse-14

सुकुमारं च बालं च सततं लालितं त्वया ।
क्व तात भरतं हित्वा विलपन्तं गतो भवान् ॥१४॥

14. sukumāraṃ ca bālaṃ ca satataṃ lālitaṃ tvayā ,
kva tāta bharataṃ hitvā vilapantaṃ gato bhavān.

14. sukumāraṃ ca bālaṃ ca satataṃ lālitaṃ tvayā
kva tāta bharataṃ hitvā vilapantaṃ gataḥ bhavān

14. tāta tvayā satataṃ sukumāraṃ ca bālaṃ ca
vilapantaṃ bharataṃ hitvā bhavān kva gataḥ

14. O father, where have you gone, abandoning Bharata, who is so tender and young, and whom you constantly cherished, (and who is now) lamenting?

Words meanings summery:

• सुकुमारं (sukumāraṁ) - very tender, delicate, soft

• च (ca) - and

• बालं (bālaṁ) - young, child

• च (ca) - and

• सततं (satataṁ) - constantly, always, perpetually

• लालितं (lālitaṁ) - cherished, fondled, caressed

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• क्व (kva) - where?

• तात (tāta) - father, dear one (vocative)

• भरतं (bharataṁ) - Bharata (proper noun)

• हित्वा (hitvā) - having abandoned, having left

• विलपन्तं (vilapantaṁ) - weeping, lamenting

• गतः (gataḥ) - gone, departed

• भवान् (bhavān) - you (honorific)

Words meanings and morphology

सुकुमारं (sukumāraṁ) - very tender, delicate, soft

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sukumāra

sukumāra - very tender, delicate, soft, handsome

compound: su (good, well) + kumāra (young, tender)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+kumāra)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
• kumāra – young, tender, boy, prince
  adjective/noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with bharataṃ

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

बालं (bālaṁ) - young, child

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bāla

bāla - young, child, boy

Note: Agrees with bharataṃ

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

सततं (satataṁ) - constantly, always, perpetually

(indeclinable)

from sa (with) + tata (stretched, extended), derived from √tan (to stretch)

Note: Modifies lālitaṃ

लालितं (lālitaṁ) - cherished, fondled, caressed

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of lālita

lālita - cherished, fondled, caressed

Past Passive Participle

from √lāl (to sport, dally, cherish)

Root: lāl (class 10)

Note: Agrees with bharataṃ

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Note: Agent of the passive participle 'lālitaṃ'

क्व (kva) - where?

(indeclinable)

तात (tāta) - father, dear one (vocative)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, dear one (term of endearment)

भरतं (bharataṁ) - Bharata (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bharata

bharata - Bharata (name of Rama's brother)

Note: Object of 'hitvā' and 'gataḥ' (implied: 'leaving Bharata')

हित्वा (hitvā) - having abandoned, having left

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

from √hā (to abandon, leave) + -tvā (absolutive suffix)

Root: hā (class 3)

विलपन्तं (vilapantaṁ) - weeping, lamenting

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vilapat

vilapat - weeping, lamenting

Present Active Participle

from vi- + √lap (to lament, weep)

Prefix: vi

Root: lap (class 1)

Note: Agrees with bharataṃ

गतः (gataḥ) - gone, departed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, departed, arrived at

Past Passive Participle

from √gam (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Predicates about 'bhavān'

भवान् (bhavān) - you (honorific)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - your honor, you (polite pronoun)

Note: Subject of 'gataḥ'

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