वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-60, verse-8

रामः कमलपत्राक्षो जीवनाशमितो गतः ।
विदेहराजस्य सुता तहा सीता तपस्विनी ।
दुःखस्यानुचिता दुःखं वने पर्युद्विजिष्यति ॥८॥

8. rāmaḥ kamalapatrākṣo jīvanāśamito gataḥ ,
videharājasya sutā tahā sītā tapasvinī ,
duḥkhasyānucitā duḥkhaṃ vane paryudvijiṣyati.

8. Rāmaḥ kamalapatrākṣaḥ jīvanāśamitaḥ
gataḥ | Videharājasya sutā tathā
Sītā tapasvinī | Duḥkhasya
anucitā duḥkham vane paryudvijiṣyati

8. kamalapatrākṣaḥ jīvanāśamitaḥ Rāmaḥ
gataḥ Videharājasya sutā tapasvinī
Sītā tathā duḥkhasya anucitā
(sati) vane duḥkham paryudvijiṣyati

8. Rama, whose eyes are like lotus petals, has departed as if his very life has been destroyed. And Sita, the suffering (tapasvinī) daughter of the king of Videha, who is unaccustomed to hardship, will be greatly distressed by sorrow in the forest.

Words meanings summery:

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Prince Rama, son of Dasaratha. (Rama (proper name))

• कमलपत्राक्षः (kamalapatrākṣaḥ) - An epithet for Rama, describing his beautiful eyes. (lotus-petal-eyed)

• जीवनाशमितः (jīvanāśamitaḥ) - Rama, whose life is severely affected, as if destroyed by grief and the events of exile. (one whose life is destroyed/extinguished)

• गतः (gataḥ) - Rama has departed (into exile). (gone, departed, reached)

• विदेहराजस्य (videharājasya) - Refers to King Janaka, father of Sita. (of the king of Videha)

• सुता (sutā) - Sita, daughter of King Janaka. (daughter)

• तथा (tathā) - Indicates Sita's similar fate or state to Rama's. (thus, so, likewise, also)

• सीता (sītā) - The wife of Rama, daughter of Janaka. (Sita (proper name))

• तपस्विनी (tapasvinī) - Here, referring to Sita as a sorrowful or suffering (tapasvinī) woman due to her exile. (ascetic woman, suffering woman, pious woman)

• दुःखस्य (duḥkhasya) - Genitive modifying 'anucitā'. (of sorrow, of suffering)

• अनुचिता (anucitā) - Sita is unaccustomed to suffering (duḥkha). (unaccustomed, improper, unsuitable)

• दुःखम् (duḥkham) - Accusative object of 'paryudvijiṣyati' (will be distressed by). (sorrow, suffering)

• वने (vane) - The location where Sita will experience distress. (in the forest)

• पर्युद्विजिष्यति (paryudvijiṣyati) - Sita will be greatly agitated/distressed by sorrow. (will be greatly agitated/distressed)

Words meanings and morphology

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Prince Rama, son of Dasaratha. (Rama (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of Rāma

Rāma - pleasing, charming, delightful; the seventh incarnation of Vishnu

Root: ram (class 1)

कमलपत्राक्षः (kamalapatrākṣaḥ) - An epithet for Rama, describing his beautiful eyes. (lotus-petal-eyed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kamalapatrākṣa

kamalapatrākṣa - lotus-petal-eyed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kamala+patra+akṣa)

• kamala – lotus
  noun (neuter)
• patra – leaf, feather
  noun (neuter)
• akṣa – eye
  noun (neuter)

Note: Adjective agreeing with Rāmaḥ.

जीवनाशमितः (jīvanāśamitaḥ) - Rama, whose life is severely affected, as if destroyed by grief and the events of exile. (one whose life is destroyed/extinguished)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jīvanāśamita

jīvanāśamita - one whose life is destroyed; having met destruction of life

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jīvanāśa+ita)

• jīvanāśa – destruction of life, loss of life
  noun (masculine)
• ita – gone, reached, obtained
  past passive participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'i' (to go)
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Adjective agreeing with Rāmaḥ.

गतः (gataḥ) - Rama has departed (into exile). (gone, departed, reached)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, departed, reached, passed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'gam' (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Participial predicate agreeing with Rāmaḥ.

विदेहराजस्य (videharājasya) - Refers to King Janaka, father of Sita. (of the king of Videha)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of Videharāja

Videharāja - king of Videha

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (Videha+rāja)

• Videha – Videha (name of an ancient kingdom)
  proper noun (neuter)
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Possessive case, modifying 'sutā'.

सुता (sutā) - Sita, daughter of King Janaka. (daughter)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sutā

sutā - daughter

Feminine form of suta (son), from su 'to give birth to'

Root: sū (class 2)

Note: Subject of the second clause.

तथा (tathā) - Indicates Sita's similar fate or state to Rama's. (thus, so, likewise, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

सीता (sītā) - The wife of Rama, daughter of Janaka. (Sita (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of Sītā

Sītā - furrow; name of Janaka's daughter, wife of Rama

Root: sī (class 3)

Note: Apposition to 'sutā'.

तपस्विनी (tapasvinī) - Here, referring to Sita as a sorrowful or suffering (tapasvinī) woman due to her exile. (ascetic woman, suffering woman, pious woman)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tapasvinī

tapasvinī - female ascetic; pious woman; suffering woman

Feminine form of tapasvin (one who practices tapas or suffers).

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Adjective or noun in apposition to Sita.

दुःखस्य (duḥkhasya) - Genitive modifying 'anucitā'. (of sorrow, of suffering)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - sorrow, suffering, pain, misery

अनुचिता (anucitā) - Sita is unaccustomed to suffering (duḥkha). (unaccustomed, improper, unsuitable)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of anucita

anucita - unsuitable, improper, unaccustomed

Compound: an (negative prefix) + ucita (suitable, proper, accustomed)

Compound type : privative (ucita)

• an – not, un-
  prefix
• ucita – suitable, proper, accustomed
  past passive participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'uc' (to be pleased, be suitable)
  Root: uc (class 6)

Note: Adjective agreeing with Sītā.

दुःखम् (duḥkham) - Accusative object of 'paryudvijiṣyati' (will be distressed by). (sorrow, suffering)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - sorrow, suffering, pain, misery

Note: Object of distress.

वने (vane) - The location where Sita will experience distress. (in the forest)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

Note: Locative case.

पर्युद्विजिष्यति (paryudvijiṣyati) - Sita will be greatly agitated/distressed by sorrow. (will be greatly agitated/distressed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of udvij

Future Tense, 3rd Person Singular

Root 'vij' (to fear, tremble) with upasargas 'ud' (up, out) and 'pari' (around, completely).

Prefixes: pari+ud

Root: vij (class 6)

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