वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-60, verse-14

तैलद्रोण्यां तु सचिवैः शायितं तं नराधिपम् ।
हा मृतो ऽयमिति ज्ञात्वा स्त्रियस्ताः पर्यदेवयन् ॥१४॥

14. tailadroṇyāṃ tu sacivaiḥ śāyitaṃ taṃ narādhipam ,
hā mṛto'yamiti jñātvā striyastāḥ paryadevayan.

14. tailadroṇyām tu sacivaiḥ śāyitam tam narādhipam
hā mṛtaḥ ayam iti jñātvā striyaḥ tāḥ paryadevayan

14. tu striyaḥ tāḥ sacivaiḥ tailadroṇyām śāyitam tam
narādhipam "hā ayam mṛtaḥ" iti jñātvā paryadevayan

14. However, upon realizing "Alas, he is dead!", those women lamented over that king who had been laid in the oil trough by the ministers.

Words meanings summery:

• तैलद्रोण्याम् (tailadroṇyām) - in the oil trough (in the oil trough, in the oil tub)

• तु (tu) - however (but, indeed, on the other hand, however)

• सचिवैः (sacivaiḥ) - by the ministers (by the companions, by the ministers)

• शायितम् (śāyitam) - who had been laid (laid down, placed, caused to lie down)

• तम् (tam) - that (king) (him, that)

• नराधिपम् (narādhipam) - the king (the lord of men, the king)

• हा (hā) - alas! (alas, ah, oh)

• मृतः (mṛtaḥ) - dead (dead, deceased)

• अयम् (ayam) - this (one) (this, he)

• इति (iti) - (quotation particle) (thus, in this manner, as)

• ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - upon realizing, having known (having known, having understood, having realized)

• स्त्रियः (striyaḥ) - the women (women, females)

• ताः (tāḥ) - those (women) (those, they)

• पर्यदेवयन् (paryadevayan) - they lamented (they lamented, they mourned)

Words meanings and morphology

तैलद्रोण्याम् (tailadroṇyām) - in the oil trough (in the oil trough, in the oil tub)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of tailadroṇī

tailadroṇī - oil trough, oil tub

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (taila+droṇī)

• taila – oil, sesame oil
  noun (neuter)
• droṇī – trough, tub, bucket
  noun (feminine)

तु (tu) - however (but, indeed, on the other hand, however)

(indeclinable)

सचिवैः (sacivaiḥ) - by the ministers (by the companions, by the ministers)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of saciva

saciva - companion, associate, minister, counselor

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+civa)

• sa – with, together with
  prefix/indeclinable
• civa – attention, care, mind (less common root, but means 'to serve')
  noun (masculine)
  Root √civ 'to serve, attend'.
  Root: civ (class 1)

Note: Agent of śāyitam.

शायितम् (śāyitam) - who had been laid (laid down, placed, caused to lie down)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śāyita

śāyita - laid down, placed, made to sleep, caused to rest

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the causative stem of root √śī (to lie down), + -ta suffix.

Root: śī (class 2)

तम् (tam) - that (king) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to narādhipam.

नराधिपम् (narādhipam) - the king (the lord of men, the king)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of narādhipa

narādhipa - lord of men, king, sovereign

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+adhipa)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
  Root: nṛ
• adhipa – ruler, lord, master
  noun (masculine)
  from adhi + √pā (to protect).
  Prefix: adhi
  Root: pā (class 1)

Note: Object of paryadevayan implicitly or jñātvā.

हा (hā) - alas! (alas, ah, oh)

(indeclinable)

मृतः (mṛtaḥ) - dead (dead, deceased)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mṛta

mṛta - dead, deceased, died

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √mṛ (to die) + -ta suffix.

Root: mṛ (class 6)

अयम् (ayam) - this (one) (this, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Note: Subject of the implied "is" with mṛtaḥ.

इति (iti) - (quotation particle) (thus, in this manner, as)

(indeclinable)

ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - upon realizing, having known (having known, having understood, having realized)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root √jñā (to know) + -tvā suffix.

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Refers to the action of the women.

स्त्रियः (striyaḥ) - the women (women, females)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of strī

strī - woman, female

ताः (tāḥ) - those (women) (those, they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it, they

पर्यदेवयन् (paryadevayan) - they lamented (they lamented, they mourned)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (Laṅ) of pari + dev

Imperfect Third Person Plural

Root √dev with prefix pari. Imperfect tense, 3rd person plural.

Prefix: pari

Root: dev (class 1)

Note: Subject is striyaḥ.

Previous Verse Next Verse