वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-60, verse-15

बाहूनुद्यम्य कृपणा नेत्रप्रस्रवणैर्मुखैः ।
रुदन्त्यः शोकसंतप्ताः कृपणं पर्यदेवयन् ॥१५॥

15. bāhūnudyamya kṛpaṇā netraprasravaṇairmukhaiḥ ,
rudantyaḥ śokasaṃtaptāḥ kṛpaṇaṃ paryadevayan.

15. bāhūn udyamya kṛpaṇāḥ netraprasravaṇaiḥ mukhaiḥ
rudantyaḥ śokasaṃtaptāḥ kṛpaṇam paryadevayan

15. bāhūn udyamya kṛpaṇāḥ netraprasravaṇaiḥ mukhaiḥ
rudantyaḥ śokasaṃtaptāḥ kṛpaṇam paryadevayan

15. Raising their arms, these distressed women, with faces streaming with tears, wept and lamented piteously, overcome by grief.

Words meanings summery:

• बाहून् (bāhūn) - their arms (arms)

• उद्यम्य (udyamya) - raising (their arms) (having raised, having lifted up)

• कृपणाः (kṛpaṇāḥ) - these distressed (women) (miserable, wretched, piteous, poor)

• नेत्रप्रस्रवणैः (netraprasravaṇaiḥ) - with streaming eyes (with streaming eyes, with eyes flowing (with tears))

• मुखैर् (mukhair) - with faces (with faces, by means of faces)

• रुदन्त्यः (rudantyaḥ) - weeping (weeping, crying (feminine plural))

• शोकसंतप्ताः (śokasaṁtaptāḥ) - overcome by grief (afflicted by grief, tormented by sorrow)

• कृपणम् (kṛpaṇam) - piteously (piteously, miserably, lamentably)

• पर्यदेवयन् (paryadevayan) - they lamented (they lamented, they mourned)

Words meanings and morphology

बाहून् (bāhūn) - their arms (arms)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bāhu

bāhu - arm, fore-arm

Note: Object of udyamya.

उद्यम्य (udyamya) - raising (their arms) (having raised, having lifted up)

(indeclinable)

Gerund/Absolutive

Derived from root √yam (to restrain, hold) with prefix ut.

Prefix: ut

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Refers to the action of the women.

कृपणाः (kṛpaṇāḥ) - these distressed (women) (miserable, wretched, piteous, poor)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of kṛpaṇa

kṛpaṇa - miserable, wretched, poor, piteous, lamentable

Root: kṛp (class 1)

नेत्रप्रस्रवणैः (netraprasravaṇaiḥ) - with streaming eyes (with streaming eyes, with eyes flowing (with tears))

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of netraprasravaṇa

netraprasravaṇa - streaming eyes, eyes flowing with tears

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (netra+prasravaṇa)

• netra – eye
  noun (neuter)
  Root: nī (class 1)
• prasravaṇa – streaming, flowing, exudation, a stream, a flow
  noun (neuter)
  derived from pra + √sru (to flow).
  Prefix: pra
  Root: sru (class 1)

Note: Acts as an adverbial modifier.

मुखैर् (mukhair) - with faces (with faces, by means of faces)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of mukha

mukha - face, mouth, front, opening

Note: Describes the state of their faces.

रुदन्त्यः (rudantyaḥ) - weeping (weeping, crying (feminine plural))

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of rudat

rudat - weeping, crying

Present Active Participle

Derived from root √rud (to weep, cry) + -at suffix (feminine -antī).

Root: rud (class 2)

शोकसंतप्ताः (śokasaṁtaptāḥ) - overcome by grief (afflicted by grief, tormented by sorrow)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of śokasaṃtapta

śokasaṁtapta - afflicted with grief, tormented by sorrow, distressed by sorrow

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śoka+saṃtapta)

• śoka – grief, sorrow, lamentation
  noun (masculine)
  from √śuc (to grieve).
  Root: śuc (class 1)
• saṃtapta – heated, scorched, afflicted, tormented
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  derived from saṃ + √tap (to heat, suffer).
  Prefix: sam
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Modifies the implied striyaḥ.

कृपणम् (kṛpaṇam) - piteously (piteously, miserably, lamentably)

(indeclinable)

Neuter accusative singular used adverbially.

Root: kṛp (class 1)

Note: Modifies paryadevayan.

पर्यदेवयन् (paryadevayan) - they lamented (they lamented, they mourned)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (Laṅ) of pari + dev

Imperfect Third Person Plural

Root √dev with prefix pari. Imperfect tense, 3rd person plural.

Prefix: pari

Root: dev (class 1)

Note: Subject is the implied striyaḥ (women).

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