वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-21, verse-20

व्रतोपवासनिरता या नारी परमोत्तमा ।
भर्तारं नानुवर्तेत सा च पापगतिर्भवेत् ॥२०॥

20. vratopavāsaniratā yā nārī paramottamā ,
bhartāraṃ nānuvarteta sā ca pāpagatirbhavet.

20. vrata-upavāsa-niratā yā nārī parama-uttamā
bhartāraṃ na anuvarteta sā ca pāpa-gatiḥ bhavet

20. yā nārī vrata-upavāsa-niratā parama-uttamā [api],
sā ca bhartāraṃ na anuvarteta [cet],
[tataḥ] pāpa-gatiḥ bhavet

20. A woman, even one who is supremely virtuous and dedicated to vows and fasts, if she does not follow her husband, will attain an unfortunate destination.

Words meanings summery:

• व्रत-उपवास-निरता (vrata-upavāsa-niratā) - devoted to vows and fasts

• या (yā) - who, which (feminine)

• नारी (nārī) - woman, wife

• परम-उत्तमा (parama-uttamā) - supremely excellent, best of all

• भर्तारं (bhartāraṁ) - husband, maintainer

• न (na) - not, no

• अनुवर्तेत (anuvarteta) - would follow, should follow, obey

• सा (sā) - she

• च (ca) - and, also

• पाप-गतिः (pāpa-gatiḥ) - evil destiny, unfortunate destination, sinful course

• भवेत् (bhavet) - would be, should be

Words meanings and morphology

व्रत-उपवास-निरता (vrata-upavāsa-niratā) - devoted to vows and fasts

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vratopavāsaniratā

vratopavāsaniratā - one who is engaged in religious vows and fasts

Compound type : tatpurusha (vrata+upavāsa+nirata)

• vrata – vow, religious observance, sacred rule
  noun (neuter)
• upavāsa – fast, fasting, abstinence from food
  noun (masculine)
  From root vas with prefix upa-
  Prefix: upa
  Root: vas (class 1)
• nirata – devoted, engaged in, attached to
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root ram with prefix nis-
  Prefix: nis
  Root: ram (class 1)

या (yā) - who, which (feminine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what (relative pronoun)

नारी (nārī) - woman, wife

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of nārī

nārī - woman, wife

परम-उत्तमा (parama-uttamā) - supremely excellent, best of all

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of paramottamā

paramottamā - most excellent, supreme, best

Compound type : karmadharaya (parama+uttamā)

• parama – supreme, highest, most excellent
  adjective
• uttamā – best, excellent, highest (feminine)
  adjective (feminine)

भर्तारं (bhartāraṁ) - husband, maintainer

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhartṛ

bhartṛ - husband, maintainer, supporter, lord

Agent noun from root bhṛ

Root: bhṛ (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अनुवर्तेत (anuvarteta) - would follow, should follow, obey

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (vidhi liṅ) of anuvart

Prefix: anu

Root: vṛt (class 1)

सा (sā) - she

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

पाप-गतिः (pāpa-gatiḥ) - evil destiny, unfortunate destination, sinful course

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of pāpagati

pāpagati - evil state, sinful course, miserable fate, unfortunate destination

Compound type : tatpurusha (pāpa+gati)

• pāpa – evil, bad, wicked, sinful, sin
  adjective (neuter)
• gati – going, motion, course, way, destiny, state
  noun (feminine)
  From root gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

भवेत् (bhavet) - would be, should be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

Previous Verse Next Verse