वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-21, verse-17

तां तथा रुदतीं रामो रुदन् वचनमब्रवीत् ।
जीवन्त्या हि स्त्रिया भर्ता दैवतं प्रभुरेव च ।
भवत्या मम चैवाद्य राजा प्रभवति प्रभुः ॥१७॥

17. tāṃ tathā rudatīṃ rāmo rudan vacanamabravīt ,
jīvantyā hi striyā bhartā daivataṃ prabhureva ca ,
bhavatyā mama caivādya rājā prabhavati prabhuḥ.

17. tām tathā rudatīm rāmaḥ rudan vacanam
abravīt jīvantyā hi striyā bhartā
daivatam prabhuḥ eva ca bhavatyā mama
ca eva adya rājā prabhavati prabhuḥ

17. rāmaḥ tām tathā rudatīm rudan vacanam
abravīt hi jīvantyāḥ striyāḥ bhartā
daivatam eva ca prabhuḥ (asti) adya ca
bhavatyāḥ mama eva rājā prabhuḥ prabhavati

17. To her, thus weeping, Rama himself, weeping, spoke these words: "Indeed, for a living woman, her husband is truly her deity and her master. And today, for both you and for me, the king (Daśaratha) is the sole master, exercising his authority."

Words meanings summery:

• ताम् (tām) - her (Kausalya) (her)

• तथा (tathā) - thus (weeping) (thus, in that manner)

• रुदतीम् (rudatīm) - (her who was) weeping (weeping)

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama

• रुदन् (rudan) - himself weeping (weeping, crying)

• वचनम् (vacanam) - these words (word, speech)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - (Rama) spoke (he spoke)

• जीवन्त्या (jīvantyā) - of a living (woman) (of a living)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for)

• स्त्रिया (striyā) - of a woman

• भर्ता (bhartā) - husband (husband, maintainer, lord)

• दैवतम् (daivatam) - (her) deity (deity, divine being)

• प्रभुः (prabhuḥ) - (her) master (master, lord, supreme authority)

• एव (eva) - truly, only (indeed, only, just)

• च (ca) - and

• भवत्या (bhavatyā) - for you (Kausalya) (for you (honorific))

• मम (mama) - for me (for me, my)

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - only (indeed, only)

• अद्य (adya) - today

• राजा (rājā) - the King (Daśaratha) (king)

• प्रभवति (prabhavati) - he exercises authority, he is mighty (he is powerful, he rules, he originates)

• प्रभुः (prabhuḥ) - (the) master (master, lord, supreme authority)

Words meanings and morphology

ताम् (tām) - her (Kausalya) (her)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Note: Object of abravīt.

तथा (tathā) - thus (weeping) (thus, in that manner)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb modifying rudatīm.

रुदतीम् (rudatīm) - (her who was) weeping (weeping)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of rudat

rudat - weeping, crying

Present Active Participle

Derived from root rud (to weep, to cry), feminine form.

Root: rud (class 2)

Note: In agreement with tām.

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (name of a prominent deity in Hinduism, hero of the Ramayana)

Note: Subject of abravīt.

रुदन् (rudan) - himself weeping (weeping, crying)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rudat

rudat - weeping, crying

Present Active Participle

Derived from root rud (to weep, to cry), masculine form.

Root: rud (class 2)

Note: In agreement with rāmaḥ.

वचनम् (vacanam) - these words (word, speech)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - word, speech, saying, command

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of abravīt.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - (Rama) spoke (he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect Tense

Root brū/vac (irregular imperfect form)

Root: brū (class 2)

जीवन्त्या (jīvantyā) - of a living (woman) (of a living)

(adjective)

Genitive, feminine, singular of jīvat

jīvat - living, alive, existing

Present Active Participle

Derived from root jīv (to live), feminine form.

Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: In agreement with striyā.

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

स्त्रिया (striyā) - of a woman

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of strī

strī - woman, female

Note: For a woman (genitive of possession or relation).

भर्ता (bhartā) - husband (husband, maintainer, lord)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhartṛ

bhartṛ - husband, maintainer, lord, master

Agent noun from root bhṛ (to bear, support).

Root: bhṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'is'.

दैवतम् (daivatam) - (her) deity (deity, divine being)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of daivata

daivata - deity, divine being, sacred object

Derived from deva (god).

Note: Predicate nominative.

प्रभुः (prabhuḥ) - (her) master (master, lord, supreme authority)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prabhu

prabhu - lord, master, sovereign, powerful

Derived from prefix pra- and root bhū (to be, become).

Prefix: pra

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Predicate nominative.

एव (eva) - truly, only (indeed, only, just)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects "deity" and "master".

भवत्या (bhavatyā) - for you (Kausalya) (for you (honorific))

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - your honor, you (polite)

Note: "Of you" (honorific), indicating possession or relation.

मम (mama) - for me (for me, my)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me, we, us

Note: "Of me", indicating possession or relation.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'for you' and 'for me'.

एव (eva) - only (indeed, only)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle, referring to rājā.

अद्य (adya) - today

(indeclinable)

Note: Temporal adverb.

राजा (rājā) - the King (Daśaratha) (king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign, ruler

Note: Subject of prabhavati.

प्रभवति (prabhavati) - he exercises authority, he is mighty (he is powerful, he rules, he originates)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of prabhū

Present Tense

Root bhū with prefix pra, present 3rd person singular active.

Prefix: pra

Root: bhū (class 1)

प्रभुः (prabhuḥ) - (the) master (master, lord, supreme authority)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prabhu

prabhu - lord, master, sovereign, powerful

Derived from prefix pra- and root bhū (to be, become).

Prefix: pra

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Predicate nominative for rājā, emphasizing his position.

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