वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-73, verse-3

अथ राजा विदेहानां ददौ कन्याधनं बहु ।
गवां शतसहस्राणि बहूनि मिथिलेश्वरः ॥३॥

3. atha rājā videhānāṃ dadau kanyādhanaṃ bahu ,
gavāṃ śatasahasrāṇi bahūni mithileśvaraḥ.

3. atha rājā videhānām dadau kanyādhanam bahu
gavām śatasahasrāṇi bahūni mithileśvaraḥ

3. atha videhānām rājā mithileśvaraḥ kanyādhanam
bahu bahūni gavām śatasahasrāṇi dadau

3. Then, the king of Videha, the lord of Mithila, gave a large dowry, consisting of many hundreds of thousands of cows.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

• राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

• विदेहानाम् (videhānām) - of the Videhas (people of Videha), of the Videha kingdom

• ददौ (dadau) - gave, he gave

• कन्याधनम् (kanyādhanam) - dowry, bride-price, wedding gift

• बहु (bahu) - much, many, abundant, numerous

• गवाम् (gavām) - of cows, of cattle

• शतसहस्राणि (śatasahasrāṇi) - hundreds of thousands, lakhs

• बहूनि (bahūni) - many, numerous, abundant

• मिथिलेश्वरः (mithileśvaraḥ) - lord of Mithila, king of Mithila

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

(indeclinable)

राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

विदेहानाम् (videhānām) - of the Videhas (people of Videha), of the Videha kingdom

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of videha

videha - Videha (an ancient kingdom and its people), disembodied

ददौ (dadau) - gave, he gave

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of dā

Perfect tense form (Lit)

Root: √dā (class 3)

कन्याधनम् (kanyādhanam) - dowry, bride-price, wedding gift

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kanyādhana

kanyādhana - dowry, property given with a daughter at marriage

Compound type : tatpurusha (kanyā+dhana)

• kanyā – girl, maiden, daughter, virgin
  noun (feminine)
• dhana – wealth, riches, property, money
  noun (neuter)

बहु (bahu) - much, many, abundant, numerous

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bahu

bahu - much, many, numerous, abundant

Note: Modifies 'kanyādhanam'

गवाम् (gavām) - of cows, of cattle

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of go

go - cow, cattle, ox, ray (of light)

शतसहस्राणि (śatasahasrāṇi) - hundreds of thousands, lakhs

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of śatasahasra

śatasahasra - a hundred thousand, a lakh

Compound type : dvigu (śata+sahasra)

• śata – hundred
  noun (neuter)
• sahasra – thousand
  noun (neuter)

बहूनि (bahūni) - many, numerous, abundant

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of bahu

bahu - much, many, numerous, abundant

Note: Modifies 'śatasahasrāṇi'

मिथिलेश्वरः (mithileśvaraḥ) - lord of Mithila, king of Mithila

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mithileśvara

mithileśvara - lord/ruler of Mithila

Compound type : tatpurusha (mithilā+īśvara)

• mithilā – Mithila (name of an ancient city and kingdom)
  proper noun (feminine)
• īśvara – lord, master, ruler, controller
  noun (masculine)

Note: An apposition to 'rājā'

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