वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-73, verse-16

तस्मिंस्तमसि घोरे तु भस्मच्छन्नेव सा चमूः ।
ददर्श भीमसंकाशं जटामण्डलधारिणम् ॥१६॥

16. tasmiṃstamasi ghore tu bhasmacchanneva sā camūḥ ,
dadarśa bhīmasaṃkāśaṃ jaṭāmaṇḍaladhāriṇam.

16. tasmin tamasi ghore tu bhasmacchannā iva sā
camūḥ dadarśa bhīmasaṃkāśam jaṭāmaṇḍaladhāriṇam

16. tu tasmin ghore tamasi sā camūḥ bhasmacchannā iva,
jaṭāmaṇḍaladhāriṇam bhīmasaṃkāśam dadarśa.

16. In that dreadful darkness, the army, as if covered in ashes, beheld a formidable-looking figure, wearing a mass of matted hair.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (in that, in him)

• तमसि (tamasi) - in darkness (in darkness, in gloom)

• घोरे (ghore) - dreadful (dreadful, terrible, fearful)

• तु (tu) - (emphatic particle, often untranslated or 'indeed') (but, indeed, however)

• भस्मच्छन्ना (bhasmacchannā) - covered in ashes (covered with ashes)

• इव (iva) - as if (as if, like, similar to)

• सा (sā) - that (she, that (feminine))

• चमूः (camūḥ) - the army (army, host)

• ददर्श (dadarśa) - beheld (he saw, he beheld)

• भीमसंकाशम् (bhīmasaṁkāśam) - a formidable-looking figure (formidable-looking, fearful in appearance)

• जटामण्डलधारिणम् (jaṭāmaṇḍaladhāriṇam) - adorned with a mass of matted hair (wearing a mass of matted hair, one who bears a circle of matted hair)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (in that, in him)

(pronoun)

Locative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with tamasi.

तमसि (tamasi) - in darkness (in darkness, in gloom)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of tamas

tamas - darkness, gloom

घोरे (ghore) - dreadful (dreadful, terrible, fearful)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of ghora

ghora - dreadful, terrible, fearful

Note: Agrees with tamasi.

तु (tu) - (emphatic particle, often untranslated or 'indeed') (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

भस्मच्छन्ना (bhasmacchannā) - covered in ashes (covered with ashes)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhasmacchanna

bhasmacchanna - covered with ashes

Compound (Tatpuruṣa)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhasman+channa)

• bhasman – ashes, dust
  noun (neuter)
• channa – covered, concealed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root √chad (to cover)
  Root: chad (class 1)

Note: Agrees with camūḥ.

इव (iva) - as if (as if, like, similar to)

(indeclinable)

सा (sā) - that (she, that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with camūḥ.

चमूः (camūḥ) - the army (army, host)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of camū

camū - army, host

ददर्श (dadarśa) - beheld (he saw, he beheld)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of √dṛś

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Root: dṛś (class 1)

भीमसंकाशम् (bhīmasaṁkāśam) - a formidable-looking figure (formidable-looking, fearful in appearance)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīmasaṃkāśa

bhīmasaṁkāśa - formidable-looking, fearful in appearance

Compound (Tatpuruṣa)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhīma+saṃkāśa)

• bhīma – fearful, dreadful, terrible
  adjective (masculine)
• saṃkāśa – appearance, semblance, similar to
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: kāś (class 1)

Note: Object of dadarśa.

जटामण्डलधारिणम् (jaṭāmaṇḍaladhāriṇam) - adorned with a mass of matted hair (wearing a mass of matted hair, one who bears a circle of matted hair)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jaṭāmaṇḍaladhārin

jaṭāmaṇḍaladhārin - wearing a mass of matted hair

Compound (Tatpuruṣa)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jaṭāmaṇḍala+dhārin)

• jaṭāmaṇḍala – mass of matted hair, circle of matted hair
  noun (neuter)
  Compound (Tatpuruṣa)
• dhārin – wearing, bearing, holding
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun from √dhṛ
  Derived from root √dhṛ
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with bhīmasaṃkāśam.

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