वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-6, verse-18

सा तेनेक्ष्वाकुनाथेन पुरी सुपरिरक्षिता ।
यथा पुरस्तान्मनुना मानवेन्द्रेण धीमता ॥१८॥

18. sā tenekṣvākunāthena purī suparirakṣitā ,
yathā purastānmanunā mānavendreṇa dhīmatā.

18. sā tena ikṣvākunāthena purī suparirakṣitā
yathā purastāt manunā mānavendreṇa dhīmatā

18. purī sā tena ikṣvākunāthena suparirakṣitā
yathā purastāt dhīmatā manunā mānavendreṇa

18. That city was excellently protected by the lord of the Ikṣvāku dynasty, just as it was previously by the wise Manu, the ruler of mankind.

Words meanings summery:

• सा (sā) - that (city) (that, she)

• तेन (tena) - by that (king) (by him, by that)

• इक्ष्वाकुनाथेन (ikṣvākunāthena) - by the lord of the Ikṣvāku dynasty (by the lord of Ikṣvāku, by the ruler of Ikṣvāku's lineage)

• पुरी (purī) - that city (city, town)

• सुपरिरक्षिता (suparirakṣitā) - excellently protected (well-protected, thoroughly guarded)

• यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, in what manner)

• पुरस्तात् (purastāt) - previously (before, in front of, previously, in ancient times)

• मनुना (manunā) - by Manu

• मानवेन्द्रेण (mānavendreṇa) - by the ruler of mankind (by the lord of men, by the king)

• धीमता (dhīmatā) - by the wise one (by the wise, by the intelligent)

Words meanings and morphology

सा (sā) - that (city) (that, she)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Refers to 'purī'

तेन (tena) - by that (king) (by him, by that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Refers to 'ikṣvākunāthena'

इक्ष्वाकुनाथेन (ikṣvākunāthena) - by the lord of the Ikṣvāku dynasty (by the lord of Ikṣvāku, by the ruler of Ikṣvāku's lineage)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ikṣvākunātha

ikṣvākunātha - lord of Ikṣvāku, ruler of the Ikṣvāku dynasty

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ikṣvāku+nātha)

• ikṣvāku – Ikṣvāku (a legendary king, founder of the solar dynasty)
  proper noun (masculine)
• nātha – lord, master, protector
  noun (masculine)
  Root: nāth (class 1)

पुरी (purī) - that city (city, town)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of purī

purī - city, town

Note: Subject of the sentence

सुपरिरक्षिता (suparirakṣitā) - excellently protected (well-protected, thoroughly guarded)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of suparirakṣita

suparirakṣita - well-protected, thoroughly guarded

Past Passive Participle

From root 'rakṣ' with upasargas 'su-' and 'pari-'

Prefixes: su+pari

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Past passive participle, acting as an adjective.

यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, in what manner)

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a comparison

पुरस्तात् (purastāt) - previously (before, in front of, previously, in ancient times)

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'puras' + suffix '-tāt'

Note: Adverb of time

मनुना (manunā) - by Manu

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of manu

manu - Manu (a mythical progenitor of mankind, first king, lawgiver)

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Agent in the passive construction.

मानवेन्द्रेण (mānavendreṇa) - by the ruler of mankind (by the lord of men, by the king)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mānavendra

mānavendra - lord of men, king

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mānava+indra)

• mānava – human, relating to Manu, mankind
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from Manu
  Root: man (class 4)
• indra – chief, lord, ruler, Indra
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ind (class 10)

Note: Adjective to Manu

धीमता (dhīmatā) - by the wise one (by the wise, by the intelligent)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dhīmat

dhīmat - wise, intelligent, endowed with wisdom

Possessive suffix '-mat' from 'dhī'

Note: Adjective to Manu