वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-43, verse-20

धन्यं यशस्यमायुष्यं स्वर्ग्यं पुत्र्यमथापि च ।
इदमाख्यानमाख्यातं गङ्गावतरणं मया ॥२०॥

20. dhanyaṃ yaśasyamāyuṣyaṃ svargyaṃ putryamathāpi ca ,
idamākhyānamākhyātaṃ gaṅgāvataraṇaṃ mayā.

20. dhanyam yaśasyam āyuṣyam svargyam putryam atha
api ca idam ākhyānam ākhyātam gaṅgāvataraṇam mayā

20. mayā idam ākhyānam gaṅgāvataraṇam ākhyātam,
atha api ca dhanyam yaśasyam āyuṣyam svargyam putryam

20. This story, the descent of the Gaṅgā, has been recounted by me, and it is blessed, brings fame, grants long life, leads to heaven, and bestows sons.

Words meanings summery:

• धन्यम् (dhanyam) - blessed, auspicious (blessed, fortunate, auspicious, wealthy)

• यशस्यम् (yaśasyam) - glorious, conferring fame (famous, glorious, conferring fame, leading to glory)

• आयुष्यम् (āyuṣyam) - grants long life, conducive to longevity (conferring long life, conducive to longevity, healthy)

• स्वर्ग्यम् (svargyam) - leading to heaven (leading to heaven, celestial, heavenly)

• पुत्र्यम् (putryam) - bestows sons/offspring (relating to sons, bestowing sons, productive of offspring)

• अथ (atha) - and, furthermore (then, now, thereupon, and, moreover, also)

• अपि (api) - also (also, even, too, moreover, besides)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• इदम् (idam) - this (this (neuter nominative/accusative singular))

• आख्यानम् (ākhyānam) - narrative, story (narrative, story, tale, account)

• आख्यातम् (ākhyātam) - recounted, told (told, recounted, narrated, spoken)

• गङ्गावतरणम् (gaṅgāvataraṇam) - the descent of the Gaṅgā (descent of the Gaṅgā)

• मया (mayā) - by me (by me (instrumental singular of `aham`))

Words meanings and morphology

धन्यम् (dhanyam) - blessed, auspicious (blessed, fortunate, auspicious, wealthy)

(adjective)

neuter, singular of dhanya

dhanya - blessed, fortunate, auspicious, wealthy, good, virtuous

From root `dhana` (wealth) or `dhany` (to be prosperous/fortunate)

Note: Predicative adjective for `ākhyānam`.

यशस्यम् (yaśasyam) - glorious, conferring fame (famous, glorious, conferring fame, leading to glory)

(adjective)

neuter, singular of yaśasya

yaśasya - famous, glorious, conferring fame or glory, celebrated

From `yaśas` (fame, glory) + suffix `ya`

Note: Predicative adjective for `ākhyānam`.

आयुष्यम् (āyuṣyam) - grants long life, conducive to longevity (conferring long life, conducive to longevity, healthy)

(adjective)

neuter, singular of āyuṣya

āyuṣya - conferring long life, longevity-giving, healthy, vital

From `āyus` (life, vitality) + suffix `ya`

Note: Predicative adjective for `ākhyānam`.

स्वर्ग्यम् (svargyam) - leading to heaven (leading to heaven, celestial, heavenly)

(adjective)

neuter, singular of svargya

svargya - leading to heaven, heavenly, celestial, divine

From `svarga` (heaven) + suffix `ya`

Note: Predicative adjective for `ākhyānam`.

पुत्र्यम् (putryam) - bestows sons/offspring (relating to sons, bestowing sons, productive of offspring)

(adjective)

neuter, singular of putrya

putrya - relating to sons, productive of sons, bestowing sons

From `putra` (son) + suffix `ya`

Note: Predicative adjective for `ākhyānam`.

अथ (atha) - and, furthermore (then, now, thereupon, and, moreover, also)

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also (also, even, too, moreover, besides)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

इदम् (idam) - this (this (neuter nominative/accusative singular))

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one, here

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to `ākhyānam`.

आख्यानम् (ākhyānam) - narrative, story (narrative, story, tale, account)

(noun)

neuter, singular of ākhyāna

ākhyāna - narrative, story, tale, account, legend

From `ā-khyā` (to tell, relate)

Prefix: ā

Root: khyā (class 2)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

आख्यातम् (ākhyātam) - recounted, told (told, recounted, narrated, spoken)

(adjective)

neuter, singular of ākhyāta

ākhyāta - told, recounted, narrated, spoken, famous

Past Passive Participle

From root `khyā` (to tell) with prefix `ā`.

Prefix: ā

Root: khyā (class 2)

Note: Functions as a predicate here.

गङ्गावतरणम् (gaṅgāvataraṇam) - the descent of the Gaṅgā (descent of the Gaṅgā)

(noun)

neuter, singular of gaṅgāvataraṇa

gaṅgāvataraṇa - descent of the Gaṅgā (river)

Compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (gaṅgā+avataraṇa)

• gaṅgā – the river Gaṅgā
  proper noun (feminine)
• avataraṇa – descent, descending, incarnation
  noun (neuter)
  From root `tṛ` with prefix `ava`
  Prefix: ava
  Root: tṛ (class 1)

Note: In apposition to `ākhyānam`.

मया (mayā) - by me (by me (instrumental singular of `aham`))

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of aham

aham - I

First person singular pronoun.

Note: Agent in a passive construction (`ākhyātam`).

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