वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-43, verse-13

यच्च गङ्गावतरणं त्वया कृतमरिंदम ।
अनेन च भवान्प्राप्तो धर्मस्यायतनं महत् ॥१३॥

13. yacca gaṅgāvataraṇaṃ tvayā kṛtamariṃdama ,
anena ca bhavānprāpto dharmasyāyatanaṃ mahat.

13. yat ca gaṅgāvataraṇaṃ tvayā kṛtam ariṃdama
anena ca bhavān prāptaḥ dharmasya āyatanaṃ mahat

13. ariṃdama yat ca gaṅgāvataraṇaṃ tvayā kṛtam ca
anena bhavān dharmasya mahat āyatanaṃ prāptaḥ

13. And, O subduer of enemies, the descent of the Gaṅgā was accomplished by you. By this (action), you have attained a great abode of natural law (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• यत् (yat) - which, that

• च (ca) - and, also

• गङ्गावतरणं (gaṅgāvataraṇaṁ) - the descent of the river Gaṅgā (descent of Ganga)

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - accomplished (referring to the descent of Ganga) (done, made, performed)

• अरिंदम (ariṁdama) - O subduer of enemies (vocative) (subduer of enemies)

• अनेन (anena) - by this (act of bringing Ganga) (by this, by this means)

• च (ca) - and, also

• भवान् (bhavān) - you (honorific)

• प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - obtained, achieved, reached

• धर्मस्य (dharmasya) - of natural law (dharma) (of dharma, of righteousness, of duty)

• आयतनं (āyatanaṁ) - abode, seat, sanctuary, shrine

• महत् (mahat) - great, large, important

Words meanings and morphology

यत् (yat) - which, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

Note: Refers to gaṅgāvataraṇaṃ.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the two clauses.

गङ्गावतरणं (gaṅgāvataraṇaṁ) - the descent of the river Gaṅgā (descent of Ganga)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of gaṅgāvataraṇa

gaṅgāvataraṇa - descent of the river Ganga

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (gaṅgā+avataraṇa)

• gaṅgā – the river Ganga, Ganges
  proper noun (feminine)
• avataraṇa – descent, coming down, incarnation
  noun (neuter)
  action noun
  derived from verb root tṝ with upasarga ava-
  Prefix: ava
  Root: tṑ (class 1)

Note: Object of kṛtam.

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Agent of kṛtam.

कृतम् (kṛtam) - accomplished (referring to the descent of Ganga) (done, made, performed)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed, accomplished

Past Passive Participle

derived from verb root kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with gaṅgāvataraṇaṃ.

अरिंदम (ariṁdama) - O subduer of enemies (vocative) (subduer of enemies)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of aridama

aridama - subduer of enemies

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ari+dama)

• ari – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• dama – tamer, subduer
  noun (masculine)
  action noun
  derived from verb root dam
  Root: dam (class 4)

Note: Address to the listener.

अनेन (anena) - by this (act of bringing Ganga) (by this, by this means)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that

Note: Refers to the action of bringing Ganga.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the two clauses.

भवान् (bhavān) - you (honorific)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - you (honorific), being, existing

Present Active Participle

derived from verb root bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Subject of the second clause.

प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - obtained, achieved, reached

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāpta

prāpta - obtained, achieved, reached, acquired

Past Passive Participle

derived from verb root āp with upasarga pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Agrees with bhavān.

धर्मस्य (dharmasya) - of natural law (dharma) (of dharma, of righteousness, of duty)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, virtue, cosmic order

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Possessive, modifying āyatanaṃ.

आयतनं (āyatanaṁ) - abode, seat, sanctuary, shrine

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of āyatana

āyatana - abode, seat, dwelling, sanctuary, shrine

Root: yat (class 1)

Note: Object of prāptaḥ.

महत् (mahat) - great, large, important

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, vast, important

Note: Agrees with āyatanaṃ.

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