वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-43, verse-17

भगीरथो ऽपि राजर्षिः कृत्वा सलिलमुत्तमम् ।
यथाक्रमं यथान्यायं सागराणां महायशाः ।
कृतोदकः शुची राजा स्वपुरं प्रविवेश ह ॥१७॥

17. bhagīratho'pi rājarṣiḥ kṛtvā salilamuttamam ,
yathākramaṃ yathānyāyaṃ sāgarāṇāṃ mahāyaśāḥ ,
kṛtodakaḥ śucī rājā svapuraṃ praviveśa ha.

17. bhagīrathaḥ api rājarṣiḥ kṛtvā
salilam uttamam yathākramam yathā
nyāyam sāgarāṇām mahāyaśāḥ kṛta
udakaḥ śucī rājā svapuram praviveśa ha

17. mahāyaśāḥ rājarṣiḥ bhagīrathaḥ api
uttamam salilam kṛtvā sāgarāṇām
yathākramam yathā nyāyam kṛta
udakaḥ śucī rājā svapuram ha praviveśa

17. The greatly renowned royal sage (rājarṣi) Bhageeratha, having performed the excellent water offering for the Sagara ancestors in due order and according to propriety, and having thus made the water offering, the purified king indeed entered his own city.

Words meanings summery:

• भगीरथः (bhagīrathaḥ) - Bhageeratha (a famous king)

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• राजर्षिः (rājarṣiḥ) - Bhageeratha, who was both a king and a sage (royal sage, kingly seer)

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having performed the water offerings (having done, having performed, having made)

• सलिलम् (salilam) - the water (offering) (water, offering of water)

• उत्तमम् (uttamam) - excellent (water offering) (excellent, best, supreme)

• यथाक्रमम् (yathākramam) - in due order, successively

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, according to

• न्यायम् (nyāyam) - according to propriety (justice, propriety, rule)

• सागराणाम् (sāgarāṇām) - For the ancestors from the Sagara dynasty. (of the Sagara ancestors)

• महायशाः (mahāyaśāḥ) - Referring to Bhageeratha (greatly renowned, very famous)

• कृत (kṛta) - done, made, performed

• उदकः (udakaḥ) - one who has offered water (in the compound 'kṛtodakaḥ') (water, offering of water)

• शुची (śucī) - purified (king) (pure, clean, holy)

• राजा (rājā) - Bhageeratha (king, ruler)

• स्वपुरम् (svapuram) - his own city, his capital

• प्रविवेश (praviveśa) - entered

• ह (ha) - indeed, certainly (an emphatic particle)

Words meanings and morphology

भगीरथः (bhagīrathaḥ) - Bhageeratha (a famous king)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhagīratha

bhagīratha - Bhageeratha

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

राजर्षिः (rājarṣiḥ) - Bhageeratha, who was both a king and a sage (royal sage, kingly seer)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājarṣi

rājarṣi - royal sage, kingly seer

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+ṛṣi)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣi – sage, seer
  noun (masculine)

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having performed the water offerings (having done, having performed, having made)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Formed from root kṛ (to do, make) with suffix -ktvā

Root: kṛ (class 8)

सलिलम् (salilam) - the water (offering) (water, offering of water)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of salila

salila - water, offering of water

उत्तमम् (uttamam) - excellent (water offering) (excellent, best, supreme)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of uttama

uttama - excellent, best, supreme, highest

Superlative of ud (up)

Note: Agrees with 'salilam'.

यथाक्रमम् (yathākramam) - in due order, successively

(indeclinable)

Formed from yathā + krama, used adverbially

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+krama)

• yathā – as, just as
  indeclinable
• krama – order, sequence, step
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kram (class 1)

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, according to

(indeclinable)

न्यायम् (nyāyam) - according to propriety (justice, propriety, rule)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nyāya

nyāya - justice, rule, method, propriety

From root i (to go) with prefix ni and suffix -a

Prefix: ni

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Used adverbially.

सागराणाम् (sāgarāṇām) - For the ancestors from the Sagara dynasty. (of the Sagara ancestors)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sāgara

sāgara - descendant of Sagara, related to Sagara

Patronymic from Sagara

महायशाः (mahāyaśāḥ) - Referring to Bhageeratha (greatly renowned, very famous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāyaśas

mahāyaśas - greatly renowned, very famous

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+yaśas)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• yaśas – fame, glory, renown
  noun (neuter)

कृत (kṛta) - done, made, performed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed

Past Passive Participle

From root kṛ (to do, make) with suffix -kta

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Part of the compound 'kṛtodakaḥ', meaning 'one by whom water has been offered'.

उदकः (udakaḥ) - one who has offered water (in the compound 'kṛtodakaḥ') (water, offering of water)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of udaka

udaka - water, offering of water

Note: Forms a Bahuvrihi compound 'kṛtodakaḥ' (kṛta-udakaḥ) meaning 'one by whom water has been offered'. It acts as an adjective for the king.

शुची (śucī) - purified (king) (pure, clean, holy)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śuci

śuci - pure, clean, holy

Root: śuc (class 1)

राजा (rājā) - Bhageeratha (king, ruler)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

स्वपुरम् (svapuram) - his own city, his capital

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of svapura

svapura - his own city, his capital

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+pura)

• sva – own, one's own
  adjective
• pura – city, town
  noun (neuter)

प्रविवेश (praviveśa) - entered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of praviš

Perfect third person singular

From root viś (to enter) with prefix pra, perfect tense (liṭ), 3rd person singular

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

ह (ha) - indeed, certainly (an emphatic particle)

(indeclinable)

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