महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-33, verse-5

चत्वारिंशदहान्यद्य द्वे च मे निःसृतस्य वै ।
पुष्येण संप्रयातोऽस्मि श्रवणे पुनरागतः ।
शिष्ययोर्वै गदायुद्धं द्रष्टुकामोऽस्मि माधव ॥५॥

5. catvāriṁśadahānyadya dve ca me niḥsṛtasya vai ,
puṣyeṇa saṁprayāto'smi śravaṇe punarāgataḥ ,
śiṣyayorvai gadāyuddhaṁ draṣṭukāmo'smi mādhava.

5. catvāriṃśat ahāni adya dve ca me
niḥsṛtasya vai puṣyeṇa saṃprayātaḥ asmi
śravaṇe punar āgataḥ śiṣyayoḥ vai
gadāyuddhaṃ draṣṭukāmaḥ asmi mādhava

5. adya dve ca catvāriṃśat ahāni me niḥsṛtasya
vai puṣyeṇa saṃprayātaḥ asmi (aham) śravaṇe
punar āgataḥ (aham asmi) mādhava śiṣyayoḥ
vai gadāyuddhaṃ draṣṭukāmaḥ asmi (aham)

5. Today, forty-two days have passed since my departure. I departed under the Puṣya (constellation) and have returned under Śravaṇa. O Mādhava, I am indeed desirous of seeing the mace (gadā) fight of the two disciples.

Words meanings summery:

• चत्वारिंशत् (catvāriṁśat) - forty

• अहानि (ahāni) - days

• अद्य (adya) - today, now

• द्वे (dve) - two

• च (ca) - and, also

• मे (me) - since my (departure) (for me, by me, my)

• निःसृतस्य (niḥsṛtasya) - of one who has departed, of the one who has gone out

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

• पुष्येण (puṣyeṇa) - referring to the time or period governed by the Puṣya lunar mansion (in Puṣya (constellation/month))

• संप्रयातः (saṁprayātaḥ) - departed, gone forth

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• श्रवणे (śravaṇe) - referring to the time or period governed by the Śravaṇa lunar mansion (in Śravaṇa (constellation/month))

• पुनर् (punar) - again, back

• आगतः (āgataḥ) - returned, arrived

• शिष्ययोः (śiṣyayoḥ) - of the two disciples

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

• गदायुद्धं (gadāyuddhaṁ) - mace fight, combat with maces

• द्रष्टुकामः (draṣṭukāmaḥ) - desirous of seeing, wishing to see

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• माधव (mādhava) - An epithet for Kṛṣṇa, addressed by Balarāma. (O Mādhava)

Words meanings and morphology

चत्वारिंशत् (catvāriṁśat) - forty

(indeclinable)

Cardinal numeral

अहानि (ahāni) - days

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of ahan

ahan - day

अद्य (adya) - today, now

(indeclinable)

द्वे (dve) - two

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, dual of dvi

dvi - two

Note: Used as an adjective agreeing with 'ahāni' (neuter plural, but here conceptually dual days)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

मे (me) - since my (departure) (for me, by me, my)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of aham

aham - I

निःसृतस्य (niḥsṛtasya) - of one who has departed, of the one who has gone out

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of niḥsṛta

niḥsṛta - departed, gone out, issued forth

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of the root sṛ with prefix nis

Prefix: nis

Root: sṛ (class 1)

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

पुष्येण (puṣyeṇa) - referring to the time or period governed by the Puṣya lunar mansion (in Puṣya (constellation/month))

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of puṣya

puṣya - Puṣya (name of a lunar mansion or constellation), a specific time/period

Note: Instrumental case can indicate 'through' or 'by means of', here indicating 'during the period of Puṣya'.

संप्रयातः (saṁprayātaḥ) - departed, gone forth

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃprayāta

saṁprayāta - departed, gone forth, set out

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of the root yā with prefixes sam and pra

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: yā (class 2)

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present Tense

1st person singular present indicative form of the root as

Root: as (class 2)

श्रवणे (śravaṇe) - referring to the time or period governed by the Śravaṇa lunar mansion (in Śravaṇa (constellation/month))

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of śravaṇa

śravaṇa - Śravaṇa (name of a lunar mansion or constellation), ear, hearing

Note: Locative case indicates 'in' or 'at' a place/time.

पुनर् (punar) - again, back

(indeclinable)

आगतः (āgataḥ) - returned, arrived

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āgata

āgata - arrived, come, returned

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of the root gam with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

शिष्ययोः (śiṣyayoḥ) - of the two disciples

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of śiṣya

śiṣya - disciple, pupil, student

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

गदायुद्धं (gadāyuddhaṁ) - mace fight, combat with maces

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of gadāyuddha

gadāyuddha - mace fight, combat with maces

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (gadā+yuddha)

• gadā – mace, club
  noun (feminine)
• yuddha – fight, battle, combat
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root yudh (to fight)
  Root: yudh (class 4)

द्रष्टुकामः (draṣṭukāmaḥ) - desirous of seeing, wishing to see

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of draṣṭukāma

draṣṭukāma - desirous of seeing, wishing to see

Compound of infinitive (draṣṭu) and kāma (desire)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (draṣṭu+kāma)

• draṣṭu – to see (infinitive)
  indeclinable
  Infinitive
  Infinitive form of the root dṛś
  Root: dṛś (class 1)
• kāma – desire, wish, longing
  noun (masculine)

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present Tense

1st person singular present indicative form of the root as

Root: as (class 2)

माधव (mādhava) - An epithet for Kṛṣṇa, addressed by Balarāma. (O Mādhava)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mādhava

mādhava - Mādhava (epithet of Kṛṣṇa or Viṣṇu); vernal; relating to honey

Derived from madhu (honey) or Madhu (a demon slain by Viṣṇu)