महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-33, verse-17

स बभौ राजमध्यस्थो नीलवासाः सितप्रभः ।
दिवीव नक्षत्रगणैः परिकीर्णो निशाकरः ॥१७॥

17. sa babhau rājamadhyastho nīlavāsāḥ sitaprabhaḥ ,
divīva nakṣatragaṇaiḥ parikīrṇo niśākaraḥ.

17. sa babhau rājamadhyasthaḥ nīlavāsāḥ sitaprabhaḥ
divi iva nakṣatragaṇaiḥ parikīrṇaḥ niśākaraḥ

17. sa rājamadhyasthaḥ nīlavāsāḥ sitaprabhaḥ divi
nakṣatragaṇaiḥ parikīrṇaḥ niśākaraḥ iva babhau

17. He shone, standing amidst the kings, clad in blue garments, and radiating a white splendor, like the moon (niśākaraḥ) surrounded by constellations of stars in the sky.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - Balarāma (he, that)

• बभौ (babhau) - shone, appeared, was beautiful

• राजमध्यस्थः (rājamadhyasthaḥ) - standing in the middle of kings

• नीलवासाः (nīlavāsāḥ) - clad in blue garments

• सितप्रभः (sitaprabhaḥ) - white-shining, of white splendor

• दिवि (divi) - in the sky, in heaven

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• नक्षत्रगणैः (nakṣatragaṇaiḥ) - by hosts of stars, by groups of constellations

• परिकीर्णः (parikīrṇaḥ) - scattered around, surrounded by

• निशाकरः (niśākaraḥ) - the moon (night-maker)

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - Balarāma (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he

Note: Refers to Balarāma.

बभौ (babhau) - shone, appeared, was beautiful

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of bhā

Perfect Active

3rd person singular, Perfect, Parasmaipada

Root: bhā (class 2)

राजमध्यस्थः (rājamadhyasthaḥ) - standing in the middle of kings

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājamadhyastha

rājamadhyastha - situated in the midst of kings, standing among kings

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rāja+madhyastha)

• rājan – king
  noun (masculine)
• madhyastha – standing in the middle, situated in the midst
  adjective (masculine)
  Compound of 'madhya' (middle) and 'stha' (standing)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'sa'.

नीलवासाः (nīlavāsāḥ) - clad in blue garments

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nīlavāsas

nīlavāsas - wearing blue clothes, clad in blue

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nīla+vāsas)

• nīla – blue, dark blue
  adjective (masculine)
• vāsas – garment, cloth
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'sa'.

सितप्रभः (sitaprabhaḥ) - white-shining, of white splendor

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sitaprabha

sitaprabha - having white splendor, white-shining

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sita+prabhā)

• sita – white, fair
  adjective (masculine)
• prabhā – light, splendor, radiance
  noun (feminine)

Note: Agrees with 'sa'.

दिवि (divi) - in the sky, in heaven

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of div

div - sky, heaven, day

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

नक्षत्रगणैः (nakṣatragaṇaiḥ) - by hosts of stars, by groups of constellations

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of nakṣatragaṇa

nakṣatragaṇa - host of stars, constellation, group of asterisms

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nakṣatra+gaṇa)

• nakṣatra – star, constellation, asterism
  noun (neuter)
• gaṇa – group, host, multitude, collection
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agent of 'parikīrṇaḥ'.

परिकीर्णः (parikīrṇaḥ) - scattered around, surrounded by

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parikīrṇa

parikīrṇa - scattered, spread around, surrounded, covered

Past Passive Participle

From root 'kīr' (to scatter) with upasarga 'pari'

Prefix: pari

Root: kīr (class 6)

Note: Agrees with 'nīśākaraḥ'.

निशाकरः (niśākaraḥ) - the moon (night-maker)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niśākara

niśākara - moon (lit. 'night-maker')

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (niśā+kara)

• niśā – night
  noun (feminine)
• kara – maker, doer
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  From root 'kṛ' (to do, to make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)