महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-43, verse-3

तं तथा शरवर्षेण क्षोभयन्तमरिंदमम् ।
यथाप्रधानाः सौभद्रमभ्ययुः कुरुसत्तमाः ॥३॥

3. taṁ tathā śaravarṣeṇa kṣobhayantamariṁdamam ,
yathāpradhānāḥ saubhadramabhyayuḥ kurusattamāḥ.

3. tam tathā śaravarṣeṇa kṣobhayantam arimdamam
yathāpradhānāḥ saubhadram abhyayuḥ kurusattamāḥ

3. yathāpradhānāḥ kurusattamāḥ śaravarṣeṇa tathā
kṣobhayantam arimdamam tam saubhadram abhyayuḥ

3. The chief Kuru warriors, each according to his rank, attacked the son of Subhadra (Abhimanyu), the conqueror of foes, who was thus agitating them with a shower of arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him (referring to Abhimanyu) (him, that)

• तथा (tathā) - thus, in this manner (by showering arrows) (thus, in that manner, so)

• शरवर्षेण (śaravarṣeṇa) - by a shower of arrows

• क्षोभयन्तम् (kṣobhayantam) - disturbing them (the Kuru warriors) (disturbing, agitating, causing agitation)

• अरिम्दमम् (arimdamam) - epithet for Abhimanyu, meaning 'the one who subdues enemies' (subduer of enemies, conqueror of foes)

• यथाप्रधानाः (yathāpradhānāḥ) - each according to their prominent position/rank (according to their chiefs, as per prominence, principal ones)

• सौभद्रम् (saubhadram) - to Abhimanyu (to the son of Subhadra)

• अभ्ययुः (abhyayuḥ) - they approached, they attacked

• कुरुसत्तमाः (kurusattamāḥ) - the chief warriors among the Kuru side (the best of the Kurus, foremost of the Kurus)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him (referring to Abhimanyu) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, him, her, it

तथा (tathā) - thus, in this manner (by showering arrows) (thus, in that manner, so)

(indeclinable)

शरवर्षेण (śaravarṣeṇa) - by a shower of arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of śaravarṣa

śaravarṣa - shower of arrows

Compound type : tatpurusha (śara+varṣa)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• varṣa – rain, shower
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

क्षोभयन्तम् (kṣobhayantam) - disturbing them (the Kuru warriors) (disturbing, agitating, causing agitation)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṣobhayat

kṣobhayat - disturbing, agitating, causing agitation

Present Active Participle (causative)

From root kṣubh (to be agitated) in causative form kṣobhay + present active participle suffix śatṛ.

Root: kṣubh (class 1)

अरिम्दमम् (arimdamam) - epithet for Abhimanyu, meaning 'the one who subdues enemies' (subduer of enemies, conqueror of foes)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of arimdama

arimdama - subduer of enemies, conqueror of foes

From ari (enemy) and dam (to subdue) with agent suffix ṇa.

Compound type : upapada tatpurusha (ari+dama)

• ari – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• dama – subduing, taming
  noun (masculine)
  From root dam.
  Root: dam (class 4)

Note: Adjective for Abhimanyu.

यथाप्रधानाः (yathāpradhānāḥ) - each according to their prominent position/rank (according to their chiefs, as per prominence, principal ones)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yathāpradhāna

yathāpradhāna - according to the principal, as is principal, each according to his importance

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+pradhāna)

• yathā – as, according to, in what manner
  indeclinable
• pradhāna – chief, principal, main
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adjective for kurusattamāḥ.

सौभद्रम् (saubhadram) - to Abhimanyu (to the son of Subhadra)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saubhadra

saubhadra - son of Subhadra (Abhimanyu)

Patronymic from Subhadrā.

अभ्ययुः (abhyayuḥ) - they approached, they attacked

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of i

Past tense (imperfect)

From root i (to go) with prefix abhi-. Third person plural, imperfect.

Prefix: abhi

Root: i (class 2)

कुरुसत्तमाः (kurusattamāḥ) - the chief warriors among the Kuru side (the best of the Kurus, foremost of the Kurus)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kurusattama

kurusattama - best of the Kurus, foremost among the Kurus

Compound of kuru and sattama (superlative of sat meaning good/excellent).

Compound type : tatpurusha (kuru+sattama)

• kuru – a Kuru, descendant of Kuru
  proper noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of sat (good).