महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-43, verse-12

विस्फारयन्तश्चापानि नानारूपाण्यनेकशः ।
तद्युद्धमभवद्रौद्रं सौभद्रस्यारिभिः सह ॥१२॥

12. visphārayantaścāpāni nānārūpāṇyanekaśaḥ ,
tadyuddhamabhavadraudraṁ saubhadrasyāribhiḥ saha.

12. visphārayantaḥ cāpāni nānārūpāṇi anekśaḥ tat
yuddham abhavat raudram saubhadrasya aribhiḥ saha

12. anekśaḥ nānārūpāṇi cāpāni visphārayantaḥ (santaḥ),
tat yuddham saubhadrasya aribhiḥ saha raudram abhavat.

12. As they, repeatedly drawing their diverse bows, engaged, that battle against Saubhadra's (Abhimanyu's) enemies became fierce.

Words meanings summery:

• विस्फारयन्तः (visphārayantaḥ) - Drawing bows. (stretching, drawing, causing to expand)

• चापानि (cāpāni) - bows

• नानारूपाणि (nānārūpāṇi) - of various forms, diverse in appearance

• अनेक्शः (anekśaḥ) - repeatedly, in many ways

• तत् (tat) - Refers to the battle being described. (that)

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, fight

• अभवत् (abhavat) - became, happened

• रौद्रम् (raudram) - fierce, terrible, dreadful

• सौभद्रस्य (saubhadrasya) - Refers to Abhimanyu, son of Subhadrā. (of Saubhadra (Abhimanyu))

• अरिभिः (aribhiḥ) - Refers to the Kaurava warriors. (by/with the enemies)

• सह (saha) - with, along with

Words meanings and morphology

विस्फारयन्तः (visphārayantaḥ) - Drawing bows. (stretching, drawing, causing to expand)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of visphārayat

visphārayat - stretching, drawing, causing to expand

Present Active Participle

Causative of root 'sphṛ' (to tremble, expand) with prefix 'vi'.

Prefix: vi

Root: sphṛ (class 1)

Note: Modifies the implied subjects (kṣatriyapungavāḥ).

चापानि (cāpāni) - bows

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of cāpa

cāpa - bow

Note: Object of 'visphārayantaḥ'.

नानारूपाणि (nānārūpāṇi) - of various forms, diverse in appearance

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of nānārūpa

nānārūpa - of various forms, multiform, diverse

Compound.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (nānā+rūpa)

• nānā – various, diverse, manifold, separately
  indeclinable
• rūpa – form, shape, appearance
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies 'cāpāni'.

अनेक्शः (anekśaḥ) - repeatedly, in many ways

(indeclinable)

Suffix 'śas' indicating 'in many ways' or 'repeatedly'.

Note: Adverb modifying 'visphārayantaḥ'.

तत् (tat) - Refers to the battle being described. (that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Nominative/accusative singular neuter of 'tad'.

Note: Adjective modifying 'yuddham'.

युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, fight

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, war, fight

Past Passive Participle (substantivized)

From root 'yudh' (to fight).

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'abhavat'.

अभवत् (abhavat) - became, happened

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Imperfect Indicative

'a' augment, root 'bhū', 3rd person singular.

Root: bhū (class 1)

रौद्रम् (raudram) - fierce, terrible, dreadful

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of raudra

raudra - fierce, terrible, dreadful, furious

Derived from Rudra (divine epithet).

Note: Predicative adjective for 'yuddham'.

सौभद्रस्य (saubhadrasya) - Refers to Abhimanyu, son of Subhadrā. (of Saubhadra (Abhimanyu))

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of saubhadra

saubhadra - son of Subhadrā (Abhimanyu)

Patronymic from Subhadrā.

Note: Possessive modifier for 'aribhiḥ'.

अरिभिः (aribhiḥ) - Refers to the Kaurava warriors. (by/with the enemies)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ari

ari - enemy, foe

Note: Used with 'saha'.

सह (saha) - with, along with

(indeclinable)

Preposition/postposition governing instrumental case.