महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-43, verse-10

तमयस्मयवर्माणमिषुणा आशुपातिना ।
विव्याध हृदि सौभद्रः स पपात व्यसुः क्षितौ ॥१०॥

10. tamayasmayavarmāṇamiṣuṇā āśupātinā ,
vivyādha hṛdi saubhadraḥ sa papāta vyasuḥ kṣitau.

10. tam ayasmayavarmāṇam iṣuṇā āśupātinā vivyādha
hṛdi saubhadraḥ saḥ papāta vyasuḥ kṣitau

10. saubhadraḥ tam ayasmayavarmāṇam iṣuṇā āśupātinā
hṛdi vivyādha saḥ vyasuḥ kṣitau papāta

10. Abhimanyu, the son of Subhadrā, pierced that warrior, who was clad in iron armor, in the heart with a swiftly flying arrow. He then fell lifeless upon the ground.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - that warrior (the Vasatiya) (him, that)

• अयस्मयवर्माणम् (ayasmayavarmāṇam) - clad in iron armor (having an iron armor, iron-clad)

• इषुणा (iṣuṇā) - with an arrow

• आशुपातिना (āśupātinā) - with a swiftly flying (arrow) (with a swiftly falling/flying (thing))

• विव्याध (vivyādha) - pierced (pierced, struck, hit)

• हृदि (hṛdi) - in the heart

• सौभद्रः (saubhadraḥ) - Abhimanyu, the son of Subhadrā (son of Subhadrā, Abhimanyu)

• सः (saḥ) - he (the Vasatiya warrior) (he, that)

• पपात (papāta) - fell (fell, dropped)

• व्यसुः (vyasuḥ) - lifeless (lifeless, breathless, dead)

• क्षितौ (kṣitau) - upon the ground (on the ground, on the earth)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - that warrior (the Vasatiya) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, that one, he, she, it

Note: Object of `vivyādha`.

अयस्मयवर्माणम् (ayasmayavarmāṇam) - clad in iron armor (having an iron armor, iron-clad)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ayasmayavarman

ayasmayavarman - having an iron armor

Compound type : bahuvrihi (ayasmaya+varman)

• ayasmaya – made of iron, iron
  adjective (masculine)
• varman – armor, mail
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies `tam`.

इषुणा (iṣuṇā) - with an arrow

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of iṣu

iṣu - arrow

Note: Instrument for `vivyādha`.

आशुपातिना (āśupātinā) - with a swiftly flying (arrow) (with a swiftly falling/flying (thing))

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of āśupātin

āśupātin - swiftly falling/flying

Compound type : tatpurusha (āśu+pātin)

• āśu – swift, quick, quickly
  indeclinable
• pātin – falling, flying, striking
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun/adjective from participle stem
  From root √pat (to fall, fly)
  Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `iṣuṇā`.

विव्याध (vivyādha) - pierced (pierced, struck, hit)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vyadh

perfect

From root √vyadh (to pierce), reduplicated perfect

Root: vyadh (class 4)

Note: Main verb of the first clause.

हृदि (hṛdi) - in the heart

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of hṛd

hṛd - heart

Note: Location of piercing.

सौभद्रः (saubhadraḥ) - Abhimanyu, the son of Subhadrā (son of Subhadrā, Abhimanyu)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saubhadra

saubhadra - son of Subhadrā (Abhimanyu)

Patronymic from Subhadrā

Note: Subject of `vivyādha`.

सः (saḥ) - he (the Vasatiya warrior) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, that one, he, she, it

Note: Subject of `papāta`.

पपात (papāta) - fell (fell, dropped)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of pat

perfect

From root √pat (to fall), reduplicated perfect

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the second clause.

व्यसुः (vyasuḥ) - lifeless (lifeless, breathless, dead)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyasu

vyasu - lifeless, breathless, dead

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vi+asu)

• vi – without, apart, away
  indeclinable
• asu – breath, life, vital air
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies `saḥ` (the fallen warrior).

क्षितौ (kṣitau) - upon the ground (on the ground, on the earth)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of kṣiti

kṣiti - earth, ground, dwelling

Note: Location of falling.