महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-136, verse-2

ततो दुर्योधनो राजा भारद्वाजेन संवृतः ।
अभ्ययात्पाण्डवान्संख्ये ततो युद्धमवर्तत ।
घोररूपं महाराज भीरूणां भयवर्धनम् ॥२॥

2. tato duryodhano rājā bhāradvājena saṁvṛtaḥ ,
abhyayātpāṇḍavānsaṁkhye tato yuddhamavartata ,
ghorarūpaṁ mahārāja bhīrūṇāṁ bhayavardhanam.

2. tataḥ duryodhanaḥ rājā bhāradvājena
saṃvṛtaḥ abhyayāt pāṇḍavān saṃkhye
tataḥ yuddham avartata ghorarūpam
mahārāja bhīrūṇām bhayavardhanam

2. mahārāja tataḥ bhāradvājena saṃvṛtaḥ
rājā duryodhanaḥ saṃkhye pāṇḍavān
abhyayāt tataḥ ghorarūpam bhīrūṇām
bhayavardhanam yuddham avartata

2. Then King Duryodhana, accompanied by Droṇa (the son of Bhāradvāja), advanced against the Pāṇḍavas in battle. Subsequently, a terrible war ensued, O great king, which intensified the fear of the cowardly.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

• दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana (proper noun)

• राजा (rājā) - king

• भारद्वाजेन (bhāradvājena) - by Droṇa (the son of Bhāradvāja) (by Bhāradvāja)

• संवृतः (saṁvṛtaḥ) - surrounded, covered, accompanied

• अभ्ययात् (abhyayāt) - approached, went towards

• पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pāṇḍavas

• संख्ये (saṁkhye) - in battle, in war

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, war

• अवर्तत (avartata) - occurred, ensued, began

• घोररूपम् (ghorarūpam) - terrible (modifying battle) (of a terrible form, dreadful)

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

• भीरूणाम् (bhīrūṇām) - of the timid, of the fearful

• भयवर्धनम् (bhayavardhanam) - increasing fear, fear-increasing

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)

pronominal adverb derived from tad

दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (name of the eldest Kaurava prince)

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign, ruler

भारद्वाजेन (bhāradvājena) - by Droṇa (the son of Bhāradvāja) (by Bhāradvāja)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhāradvāja

bhāradvāja - descendant of Bharadvāja; refers to Droṇa

संवृतः (saṁvṛtaḥ) - surrounded, covered, accompanied

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃvṛta

saṁvṛta - surrounded, covered, accompanied, encompassed

Past Passive Participle

from root vṛ with prefix sam

Prefix: sam

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Agrees with duryodhanaḥ

अभ्ययात् (abhyayāt) - approached, went towards

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of abhi-i

Aorist

Aorist active 3rd singular of root i with prefix abhi

Prefix: abhi

Root: i (class 2)

पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, the Pāṇḍavas

संख्ये (saṁkhye) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of saṃkhya

saṁkhya - battle, war, fight

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)

pronominal adverb derived from tad

युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, war

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

Past Passive Participle (substantivized)

from root yudh

Root: yudh (class 4)

अवर्तत (avartata) - occurred, ensued, began

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of vṛt

Imperfect

Imperfect Middle 3rd singular of root vṛt

Root: vṛt (class 1)

घोररूपम् (ghorarūpam) - terrible (modifying battle) (of a terrible form, dreadful)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ghorarūpa

ghorarūpa - of dreadful form, terrible-looking

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ghora+rūpa)

• ghora – terrible, dreadful, fearful
  adjective (masculine)
• rūpa – form, shape, appearance
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with yuddham

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārājan

mahārājan - great king, emperor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahant+rājan)

• mahant – great, large
  adjective (masculine)
• rājan – king
  noun (masculine)

भीरूणाम् (bhīrūṇām) - of the timid, of the fearful

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of bhīru

bhīru - timid, fearful, cowardly

from root bhī

Root: bhī (class 3)

भयवर्धनम् (bhayavardhanam) - increasing fear, fear-increasing

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhayavardhana

bhayavardhana - increasing fear, causing fear

compound of bhaya (fear) and vardhana (increasing)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhaya+vardhana)

• bhaya – fear, dread
  noun (neuter)
  from root bhī
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• vardhana – increasing, causing to grow
  noun (neuter)
  verbal noun / agent noun
  from root vṛdh
  Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with yuddham