महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-136, verse-1

संजय उवाच ।
ततो युधिष्ठिरश्चैव भीमसेनश्च पाण्डवः ।
द्रोणपुत्रं महाराज समन्तात्पर्यवारयन् ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
tato yudhiṣṭhiraścaiva bhīmasenaśca pāṇḍavaḥ ,
droṇaputraṁ mahārāja samantātparyavārayan.

1. sañjayaḥ uvāca tataḥ yudhiṣṭhiraḥ ca eva bhīmasenaḥ ca
pāṇḍavaḥ droṇaputram mahārāja samantāt paryavārayan

1. sañjayaḥ uvāca mahārāja tataḥ yudhiṣṭhiraḥ ca eva
bhīmasenaḥ ca pāṇḍavaḥ samantāt droṇaputram paryavārayan

1. Sañjaya said: Then, O great King, Yudhishthira and Bhimasena, the son of Pāṇḍu, surrounded Droṇa's son from all sides.

Words meanings summery:

• सञ्जयः (sañjayaḥ) - The narrator of the Mahābhārata, addressing Dhritarashtra. (Sañjaya (proper name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, from there

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - The eldest of the Pāṇḍavas, known for his righteousness. (Yudhishthira (proper name))

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

• भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - One of the Pāṇḍavas, known for his immense strength. (Bhimasena (proper name))

• च (ca) - and

• पाण्डवः (pāṇḍavaḥ) - Refers to Yudhishthira and Bhimasena as descendants of Pāṇḍu. (son of Pāṇḍu, a Pāṇḍava)

• द्रोणपुत्रम् (droṇaputram) - Aśvatthāmā (Droṇa's son)

• महाराज (mahārāja) - Sañjaya addressing Dhritarashtra, the blind king. (O great king, great king)

• समन्तात् (samantāt) - from all sides, all around

• पर्यवारयन् (paryavārayan) - they surrounded, they encompassed

Words meanings and morphology

सञ्जयः (sañjayaḥ) - The narrator of the Mahābhārata, addressing Dhritarashtra. (Sañjaya (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sañjaya

sañjaya - Sañjaya (a proper name)

Note: Introduces the narrator's speech.

उवाच (uvāca) - he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect active third person singular

Reduplicated perfect form of root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, from there

(indeclinable)

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - The eldest of the Pāṇḍavas, known for his righteousness. (Yudhishthira (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira, firm in battle

Compound: yudhi (in battle) + sthira (firm)

Compound type : aluk-tatpuruṣa (yudh+sthira)

• yudh – battle, fight
  noun (feminine)
• sthira – firm, steady, stable
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

(indeclinable)

भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - One of the Pāṇḍavas, known for his immense strength. (Bhimasena (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhimasena (a proper name), one with a terrible army

Compound: bhīma (terrible) + senā (army)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (bhīma+senā)

• bhīma – terrible, formidable
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• senā – army, host
  noun (feminine)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

पाण्डवः (pāṇḍavaḥ) - Refers to Yudhishthira and Bhimasena as descendants of Pāṇḍu. (son of Pāṇḍu, a Pāṇḍava)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, a Pāṇḍava

patronymic from Pāṇḍu

Note: Used collectively for Yudhishthira and Bhimasena, who are both Pāṇḍavas.

द्रोणपुत्रम् (droṇaputram) - Aśvatthāmā (Droṇa's son)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of droṇaputra

droṇaputra - son of Droṇa

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (droṇa+putra)

• droṇa – Droṇa (a name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Aśvatthāmā, the object of the action.

महाराज (mahārāja) - Sañjaya addressing Dhritarashtra, the blind king. (O great king, great king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

vocative singular of mahārājan (n-stem)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Direct address by Sañjaya to Dhritarashtra.

समन्तात् (samantāt) - from all sides, all around

(indeclinable)

adverbial formation from samanta (all-sided)

पर्यवारयन् (paryavārayan) - they surrounded, they encompassed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of vṛ

Imperfect active third person plural (causative)

Root vṛ with prefixes pari and ava, causative suffix -aya, a-augment, and -an (active plural ending)

Prefixes: pari+ava

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: The subjects are Yudhishthira and Bhimasena.