महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-136, verse-12

ततः किरीटी भीमश्च सहसा संन्यवर्तताम् ।
महता रथवंशेन परिगृह्य बलं तव ॥१२॥

12. tataḥ kirīṭī bhīmaśca sahasā saṁnyavartatām ,
mahatā rathavaṁśena parigṛhya balaṁ tava.

12. tataḥ kirīṭī bhīmaḥ ca sahasā saṃnyavartatām
mahatā rathavaṃśena parigṛhya balam tava

12. tataḥ kirīṭī ca bhīmaḥ sahasā saṃnyavartatām,
tava balam mahatā rathavaṃśena parigṛhya.

12. Then Arjuna, the crowned one (kirīṭī), and Bhima quickly returned, encircling your forces with a mighty array of chariots.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

• किरीटी (kirīṭī) - the crowned one (Arjuna)

• भीमः (bhīmaḥ) - Bhima

• च (ca) - and, also

• सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, quickly, forcefully

• संन्यवर्तताम् (saṁnyavartatām) - they two turned back, rallied, returned

• महता (mahatā) - with a great, by a large, by a mighty

• रथवंशेन (rathavaṁśena) - with a chariot host, with an array of chariots

• परिगृह्य (parigṛhya) - having surrounded, having encompassed, having seized

• बलम् (balam) - the opposing army (your forces) (force, army, strength)

• तव (tava) - of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (the narrator's recipient) (your, of you)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)

किरीटी (kirīṭī) - the crowned one (Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kirīṭin

kirīṭin - wearing a diadem or tiara, crowned, Arjuna

Derived from 'kirīṭa' (diadem) with the possessive suffix 'in'.

Note: One of the two subjects of 'saṃnyavartatām'.

भीमः (bhīmaḥ) - Bhima

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - Bhima (proper noun, one of the Pāṇḍavas, known for his strength)

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: The other subject of 'saṃnyavartatām'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, quickly, forcefully

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form derived from 'sahas' (force, power).

Root: sah

संन्यवर्तताम् (saṁnyavartatām) - they two turned back, rallied, returned

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of saṃnyavart

Root 'vṛt' (to turn, exist) with prefixes 'sam' and 'ni'. Imperfect tense, dual number.

Prefixes: sam+ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

महता (mahatā) - with a great, by a large, by a mighty

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, considerable

रथवंशेन (rathavaṁśena) - with a chariot host, with an array of chariots

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rathavaṃśa

rathavaṁśa - a line or array of chariots, a host of chariots

Compound type : tatpurusha (ratha+vaṃśa)

• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ram (class 1)
• vaṃśa – lineage, race, bamboo, row, array, multitude
  noun (masculine)

Note: Indicates the means or accompaniment of the action of returning.

परिगृह्य (parigṛhya) - having surrounded, having encompassed, having seized

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from the root 'grah' (to seize, take) with the prefix 'pari' and the 'lyap' suffix, indicating a preceding action.

Prefix: pari

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Expresses an action performed before or accompanying the main verb 'saṃnyavartatām'.

बलम् (balam) - the opposing army (your forces) (force, army, strength)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, force, army, troops

Root: bal (class 1)

तव (tava) - of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (the narrator's recipient) (your, of you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)