महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-77, verse-19

कथं गोहरणे ब्रूयादिच्छञ्शर्म तथाविधम् ।
याच्यमानोऽपि भीष्मेण संवत्सरगतेऽध्वनि ॥१९॥

19. kathaṁ goharaṇe brūyādicchañśarma tathāvidham ,
yācyamāno'pi bhīṣmeṇa saṁvatsaragate'dhvani.

19. katham goharaṇe brūyāt icchan śarma tathāvidham
yācyamānaḥ api bhīṣmeṇa saṃvatsaragate adhvani

19. How could one express a desire for such peace during the cattle raid, even when implored by Bhīṣma after the year (of exile) had passed?

Words meanings summery:

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner, why

• गोहरणे (goharaṇe) - refers to the specific cattle raid on King Virāṭa's kingdom (in the cattle raid/abduction of cows)

• ब्रूयात् (brūyāt) - one should say, he would say

• इच्छन् (icchan) - desiring, wishing, wanting

• शर्म (śarma) - peace, happiness, welfare, refuge

• तथाविधम् (tathāvidham) - of that kind, such, similar

• याच्यमानः (yācyamānaḥ) - being implored, being requested, being begged

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• भीष्मेण (bhīṣmeṇa) - by Bhīṣma

• संवत्सरगते (saṁvatsaragate) - when a year had passed, after a year had gone by

• अध्वनि (adhvani) - during the period of exile, specifically the thirteenth year (on the path, in the course of time, during the period)

Words meanings and morphology

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner, why

(indeclinable)

गोहरणे (goharaṇe) - refers to the specific cattle raid on King Virāṭa's kingdom (in the cattle raid/abduction of cows)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of goharaṇa

goharaṇa - cattle raid, abduction of cows

Compound type : tatpurusha (go+haraṇa)

• go – cow, cattle
  noun (feminine)
• haraṇa – taking, carrying away, abduction
  noun (neuter)
  Verbal Noun
  Derived from root hṛ
  Root: hṛ (class 1)

ब्रूयात् (brūyāt) - one should say, he would say

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)

इच्छन् (icchan) - desiring, wishing, wanting

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of icch

icch - desiring, wishing

Present Active Participle

Derived from root iṣ (to wish, desire) in the 6th class

Root: iṣ (class 6)

शर्म (śarma) - peace, happiness, welfare, refuge

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śarman

śarman - peace, happiness, welfare, refuge

तथाविधम् (tathāvidham) - of that kind, such, similar

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tathāvidha

tathāvidha - of that kind, such, similar

याच्यमानः (yācyamānaḥ) - being implored, being requested, being begged

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yācyamāna

yācyamāna - being implored, being requested

Present Passive Participle

Derived from root yāc (to beg, ask)

Root: yāc (class 1)

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

भीष्मेण (bhīṣmeṇa) - by Bhīṣma

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhīṣma (name of a Kuru warrior)

संवत्सरगते (saṁvatsaragate) - when a year had passed, after a year had gone by

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃvatsaragata

saṁvatsaragata - gone by a year

Compound type : tatpurusha (saṃvatsara+gata)

• saṃvatsara – year
  noun (masculine)
• gata – gone, passed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

अध्वनि (adhvani) - during the period of exile, specifically the thirteenth year (on the path, in the course of time, during the period)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of adhvan

adhvan - path, road, journey, time, period