महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-74, verse-4

कथं हि भीमसेनं मां जानन्कश्चन माधव ।
ब्रूयादप्रतिरूपाणि यथा मां वक्तुमर्हसि ॥४॥

4. kathaṁ hi bhīmasenaṁ māṁ jānankaścana mādhava ,
brūyādapratirūpāṇi yathā māṁ vaktumarhasi.

4. kathaṃ hi bhīmasenaṃ māṃ jānan kaścana mādhava
brūyāt apratirūpāṇi yathā māṃ vaktum arhasi

4. O Mādhava, knowing me to be Bhīmasena, how could anyone speak inappropriate words to me, just as you are doing now?

Words meanings summery:

• कथं (kathaṁ) - how (how, in what manner)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because, for)

• भीमसेनं (bhīmasenaṁ) - me, Bhīmasena (Bhīmasena (accusative))

• मां (māṁ) - me

• जानन् (jānan) - knowing (knowing, understanding)

• कश्चन (kaścana) - anyone (anyone, someone, some)

• माधव (mādhava) - O Mādhava (a name for Krishna)

• ब्रूयात् (brūyāt) - would say (he would say, he should say, let him say)

• अप्रतिरूपाणि (apratirūpāṇi) - inappropriate words/things (unfitting, inappropriate things/words)

• यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, according to)

• मां (māṁ) - me

• वक्तुम् (vaktum) - to speak (to speak, to say, to tell)

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you are doing (implied: dare to speak) (you are able, you ought, you deserve, you are fit)

Words meanings and morphology

कथं (kathaṁ) - how (how, in what manner)

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because, for)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic or causal particle.

भीमसेनं (bhīmasenaṁ) - me, Bhīmasena (Bhīmasena (accusative))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhīmasena (name of a Pāṇḍava)

Compound of `bhīma` (terrible) and `sena` (army, leader).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (bhīma+sena)

• bhīma – terrible, fearful
  adjective
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• sena – army, host, leader (often at end of names)
  noun (masculine)

Note: In apposition to `māṃ`.

मां (māṁ) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Pronominal stem for 1st person singular.

जानन् (jānan) - knowing (knowing, understanding)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jānat

jānat - knowing, aware, wise

Present Active Participle

From root `jñā` (9th conjugation) with `śatṛ` suffix.

Root: jñā (class 9)

कश्चन (kaścana) - anyone (anyone, someone, some)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaścana

kaścana - anyone, someone, a certain (one)

Indefinite pronoun, `kaḥ` + `cana`.

माधव (mādhava) - O Mādhava (a name for Krishna)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mādhava

mādhava - descendant of Madhu, a name of Krishna

Patronymic.

ब्रूयात् (brūyāt) - would say (he would say, he should say, let him say)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of brū

optative mood, active voice, 3rd person singular

From root `brū` (2nd conjugation).

Root: brū (class 2)

अप्रतिरूपाणि (apratirūpāṇi) - inappropriate words/things (unfitting, inappropriate things/words)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of apratirūpa

apratirūpa - unfitting, inappropriate, unsuitable, incomparable

Negative prefix `a-` + `pratirūpa` (suitable, corresponding).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+pratirūpa)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• pratirūpa – suitable, corresponding, beautiful
  adjective
  Compound of `prati` (prefix) and `rūpa` (form).
  Prefix: prati

Note: Adjective used as a noun, object of `brūyāt`.

यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, according to)

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison.

मां (māṁ) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Pronominal stem for 1st person singular.

Note: Object of `vaktum`.

वक्तुम् (vaktum) - to speak (to speak, to say, to tell)

(indeclinable)

infinitive

From root `vac` with `tumun` suffix.

Root: vac (class 2)

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you are doing (implied: dare to speak) (you are able, you ought, you deserve, you are fit)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

present tense, active voice, 2nd person singular

From root `arh` (1st conjugation).

Root: arh (class 1)