महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-74, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
तथोक्तो वासुदेवेन नित्यमन्युरमर्षणः ।
सदश्ववत्समाधावद्बभाषे तदनन्तरम् ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
tathokto vāsudevena nityamanyuramarṣaṇaḥ ,
sadaśvavatsamādhāvadbabhāṣe tadanantaram.

1. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca tathā uktaḥ vāsudevena nityamanyuḥ
amarṣaṇaḥ sadaśvavat samādhāvat babhāṣe tat anantaram

1. Vaiśaṃpāyana said: Thus addressed by Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa), Arjuna, who was characterized by constant anger (manyu) and intolerance, surged forward like a noble horse and then spoke.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - the narrator Vaiśaṃpāyana (Vaiśaṃpāyana)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• तथा (tathā) - thus, in that manner

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - spoken, addressed, said

• वासुदेवेन (vāsudevena) - by Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa) (by Vāsudeva)

• नित्यमन्युः (nityamanyuḥ) - characterized by constant anger (manyu) (perpetually angry, having constant anger)

• अमर्षणः (amarṣaṇaḥ) - intolerant, impatient, indignant

• सदश्ववत् (sadaśvavat) - like a good horse

• समाधावत् (samādhāvat) - ran forth, charged

• बभाषे (babhāṣe) - spoke, said

• तत् (tat) - that

• अनन्तरम् (anantaram) - immediately after, thereafter

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - the narrator Vaiśaṃpāyana (Vaiśaṃpāyana)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - name of a sage, a narrator of the Mahābhārata

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Indicative 3rd singular Active Voice

Root: vac (class 2)

तथा (tathā) - thus, in that manner

(indeclinable)

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - spoken, addressed, said

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, addressed, told

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vac + kta suffix

Root: vac (class 2)

वासुदेवेन (vāsudevena) - by Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa) (by Vāsudeva)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vāsudeva

vāsudeva - son of Vasudeva, an epithet of Kṛṣṇa

नित्यमन्युः (nityamanyuḥ) - characterized by constant anger (manyu) (perpetually angry, having constant anger)

(compound)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (nitya+manyu)

• nitya – constant, perpetual, eternal, fixed
  adjective (masculine)
• manyu – anger, wrath, passion, indignation (manyu)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: man (class 4)

अमर्षणः (amarṣaṇaḥ) - intolerant, impatient, indignant

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of amarṣaṇa

amarṣaṇa - intolerant, impatient, indignant, irascible

Derived from root mṛṣ (to bear) with 'a' negative prefix

Prefix: a

Root: mṛṣ (class 4)

सदश्ववत् (sadaśvavat) - like a good horse

(indeclinable)

Derived from compound sadaśva + vat suffix

Compound type : tatpurusha (sat+aśva)

• sat – good, virtuous, true, existent
  adjective (neuter)
  Present Active Participle
  From root as (to be)
  Root: as (class 2)
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)

समाधावत् (samādhāvat) - ran forth, charged

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of dhāv

Imperfect Indicative 3rd singular Active Voice

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: dhāv (class 1)

बभाषे (babhāṣe) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (liṭ) of bhāṣ

Perfect Indicative 3rd singular Middle Voice

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Used adverbially here.

अनन्तरम् (anantaram) - immediately after, thereafter

(indeclinable)

na + antara

Compound type : avyayibhāva (an+antara)

• an – not, non-
  indeclinable
• antara – interval, space, interior
  noun (neuter)