महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-61, verse-15

सत्यप्रतिज्ञः किल सूतपुत्रस्तथा स भारं विषहेत कस्मात् ।
व्यूहं प्रतिव्यूह्य शिरांसि भित्त्वा लोकक्षयं पश्यत भीमसेनात् ॥१५॥

15. satyapratijñaḥ kila sūtaputra;stathā sa bhāraṁ viṣaheta kasmāt ,
vyūhaṁ prativyūhya śirāṁsi bhittvā; lokakṣayaṁ paśyata bhīmasenāt.

15. satyapratijñaḥ kila sūtaputraḥ
tathā saḥ bhāram viṣaheta kasmāt
vyūham prativyūhya śirāṃsi bhittvā
lokakṣayam paśyata bhīmasenāt

15. Indeed, the son of a charioteer (sūtaputra) is true to his vow (satyapratijñaḥ); why, then, would he endure such a burden? (Instead,) having formed a counter-array and shattered heads, behold the destruction of the people (lokakṣaya) brought by Bhimasena.

Words meanings summery:

• सत्यप्रतिज्ञः (satyapratijñaḥ) - true to his vow (satyapratijñaḥ) (true to his promise, faithful to his vow)

• किल (kila) - indeed (often with a hint of irony or hearsay) (indeed, surely, they say, perhaps)

• सूतपुत्रः (sūtaputraḥ) - the son of a charioteer (sūtaputra) (son of a charioteer, Karna)

• तथा (tathā) - then, thus (thus, so, in that manner)

• सः (saḥ) - he (Karna) (he, that)

• भारम् (bhāram) - such a burden (of fighting/leading) (burden, load, responsibility)

• विषहेत (viṣaheta) - would endure (he should bear/endure, he would endure)

• कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why? (why? from what?)

• व्यूहम् (vyūham) - (battle) array, formation (array, battle formation)

• प्रतिव्यूह्य (prativyūhya) - having formed a counter-array (having counter-arrayed, having drawn up opposite)

• शिरांसि (śirāṁsi) - heads

• भित्त्वा (bhittvā) - having shattered (having split, having broken, having pierced)

• लोकक्षयम् (lokakṣayam) - destruction of the people (lokakṣaya) (destruction of the world/people)

• पश्यत (paśyata) - behold! (behold! (you plural), see, watch)

• भीमसेनात् (bhīmasenāt) - from Bhimasena

Words meanings and morphology

सत्यप्रतिज्ञः (satyapratijñaḥ) - true to his vow (satyapratijñaḥ) (true to his promise, faithful to his vow)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of satyapratijña

satyapratijña - true to one's word/promise/vow

Compound of `satya` (truth) and `pratijña` (promise, vow)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (satya+pratijña)

• satya – truth, true, real
  noun (neuter)
• pratijña – promise, vow, declaration
  noun (feminine)

Note: Used ironically or sarcastically in context.

किल (kila) - indeed (often with a hint of irony or hearsay) (indeed, surely, they say, perhaps)

(indeclinable)

सूतपुत्रः (sūtaputraḥ) - the son of a charioteer (sūtaputra) (son of a charioteer, Karna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sūtaputra

sūtaputra - son of a charioteer, usually refers to Karna

compound `sūta` (charioteer) + `putra` (son)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sūta+putra)

• sūta – charioteer, bard, carpenter
  noun (masculine)
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)

Note: A common epithet for Karna in the Mahābhārata.

तथा (tathā) - then, thus (thus, so, in that manner)

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - he (Karna) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

भारम् (bhāram) - such a burden (of fighting/leading) (burden, load, responsibility)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhāra

bhāra - burden, load, weight, responsibility, quantity

from root `bhṛ` (to bear)

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

विषहेत (viṣaheta) - would endure (he should bear/endure, he would endure)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (liṅ) of sah

Optative/Potential mood, Middle voice, 3rd person singular

from `vi` + `sah` (to be able to bear, endure, overcome). Optative form indicates possibility or suggestion.

Prefix: vi

Root: sah (class 1)

Note: The `ṣ` instead of `s` is due to retroflexion rule after `vi` (preceded by `i`).

कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why? (why? from what?)

(indeclinable)

व्यूहम् (vyūham) - (battle) array, formation (array, battle formation)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vyūha

vyūha - array, battle formation, arrangement, division

from `vi` + `ūh` (to arrange, to infer)

Root: ūh (class 1)

Note: Object of `prativyūhya`.

प्रतिव्यूह्य (prativyūhya) - having formed a counter-array (having counter-arrayed, having drawn up opposite)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

from `prati` + `vi` + `ūh` (to arrange). Absolutive formed with `lyap` (after a prefix).

Prefixes: prati+vi

Root: ūh (class 1)

शिरांसि (śirāṁsi) - heads

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of śiras

śiras - head, top, summit

Note: Object of `bhittvā`.

भित्त्वा (bhittvā) - having shattered (having split, having broken, having pierced)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

formed with suffix `ktvā`. The root vowel changes.

Root: bhid (class 7)

लोकक्षयम् (lokakṣayam) - destruction of the people (lokakṣaya) (destruction of the world/people)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of lokakṣaya

lokakṣaya - destruction of the world, destruction of people, universal dissolution

compound `loka` (world, people) + `kṣaya` (destruction, decay)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (loka+kṣaya)

• loka – world, people, realm
  noun (masculine)
• kṣaya – destruction, decay, loss, end
  noun (masculine)
  from root `kṣi` (to decay, destroy)
  Root: kṣi (class 1)

Note: Object of `paśyata`.

पश्यत (paśyata) - behold! (behold! (you plural), see, watch)

(verb)

2nd person , plural, active, imperative (loṭ) of dṛś

Imperative mood, active voice, 2nd person plural

Present stem `paśya`.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Addressed to Duryodhana and others present.

भीमसेनात् (bhīmasenāt) - from Bhimasena

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhimasena (name of the second Pāṇḍava brother)

Compound `bhīma` (terrible) + `sena` (army) or `sena` (commander). One whose army is terrible.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhīma+sena)

• bhīma – terrible, formidable, dreadful
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• sena – army, host, troop
  noun (masculine)

Note: Expressing the source of the destruction.