महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-189, verse-4

अस्मद्वधार्थं निश्चित्य तपो घोरं समास्थितः ।
लेभे कन्यां महादेवात्पुत्रो मे स्यादिति ब्रुवन् ॥४॥

4. asmadvadhārthaṁ niścitya tapo ghoraṁ samāsthitaḥ ,
lebhe kanyāṁ mahādevātputro me syāditi bruvan.

4. asmat-vadha-artham niścitya tapaḥ ghoram samāsthitaḥ
| lebhe kanyām mahādevāt putraḥ me syāt iti bruvan

4. अस्मत्-वध-अर्थम् निश्चित्य घोरं तपः समास्थितः (सन्),
मे पुत्रः स्यात् इति ब्रुवन्,
महादेवात् कन्याम् लेभे।

4. Having resolved to cause our destruction, he undertook severe austerity (tapas). He then obtained a daughter from Mahadeva (the Great God), while saying, 'May a son be born to me!'

Words meanings summery:

• अस्मद्वधार्थम् (asmadvadhārtham) - for the purpose of our destruction, to kill us

• निश्चित्य (niścitya) - having ascertained, having decided, having resolved

• तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity (tapas), penance

• घोरम् (ghoram) - terrible, severe, dreadful

• समास्थितः (samāsthitaḥ) - (he) having undertaken (tapas) (having undertaken, having established, having performed)

• लेभे (lebhe) - obtained, gained

• कन्याम् (kanyām) - a daughter, a girl

• महादेवात् (mahādevāt) - from Mahadeva, from the Great God (Shiva)

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - a son, a child

• मे (me) - for me (to me, for me, my)

• स्यात् (syāt) - may be, let there be

• इति (iti) - thus, so, (marks a quotation)

• ब्रुवन् (bruvan) - saying, speaking

Words meanings and morphology

अस्मद्वधार्थम् (asmadvadhārtham) - for the purpose of our destruction, to kill us

(indeclinable)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (asmad+vadha+artha)

• asmad – our, us (genitive/dative of 1st plural)
  pronoun
• vadha – killing, slaughter, destruction
  noun (masculine)
  From root √vadh (to strike, kill)
  Root: vadh (class 1)
• artha – purpose, sake
  noun (masculine)

Note: Accusative used adverbially to indicate purpose.

निश्चित्य (niścitya) - having ascertained, having decided, having resolved

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

From upasarga ni + √ci (to gather, observe) + lyap

Prefix: ni

Root: ci (class 5)

Note: Absolutive form with prefix ni-.

तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity (tapas), penance

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - austerity (tapas), penance, heat

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Accusative singular of 'tapas'.

घोरम् (ghoram) - terrible, severe, dreadful

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ghora

ghora - terrible, dreadful, severe, formidable

Note: Accusative singular neuter, modifying 'tapaḥ'.

समास्थितः (samāsthitaḥ) - (he) having undertaken (tapas) (having undertaken, having established, having performed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samāsthita

samāsthita - undertaken, established, assumed

Past Passive Participle

From upasarga sam-ā + √sthā (to stand) + kta

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Past passive participle, here functioning as a predicate adjective referring to the subject (Drupada).

लेभे (lebhe) - obtained, gained

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (lit) of labh

Root: labh (class 1)

Note: From root √labh (to obtain).

कन्याम् (kanyām) - a daughter, a girl

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kanyā

kanyā - girl, maiden, daughter

Note: Accusative singular of 'kanyā'.

महादेवात् (mahādevāt) - from Mahadeva, from the Great God (Shiva)

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of mahādeva

mahādeva - Great God (epithet of Shiva)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+deva)

• mahat – great
  adjective
• deva – god
  noun (masculine)

Note: Ablative singular of 'mahādeva' (Lord Shiva).

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - a son, a child

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Nominative singular of 'putra'.

मे (me) - for me (to me, for me, my)

(pronoun)

singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Enclitic form of the first person pronoun.

स्यात् (syāt) - may be, let there be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

Note: From root √as (to be).

इति (iti) - thus, so, (marks a quotation)

(indeclinable)

Note: Quotation marker.

ब्रुवन् (bruvan) - saying, speaking

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bruvat

bruvat - saying, speaking

present active participle

From root √brū (to speak) + śatṛ

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Nominative singular masculine of present active participle of √brū 'to speak'.