महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-5, chapter-157, verse-18
लोहाभिहारो निर्वृत्तः कुरुक्षेत्रमकर्दमम् ।
पुष्टास्तेऽश्वा भृता योधाः श्वो युध्यस्व सकेशवः ॥१८॥
पुष्टास्तेऽश्वा भृता योधाः श्वो युध्यस्व सकेशवः ॥१८॥
18. lohābhihāro nirvṛttaḥ kurukṣetramakardamam ,
puṣṭāste'śvā bhṛtā yodhāḥ śvo yudhyasva sakeśavaḥ.
puṣṭāste'śvā bhṛtā yodhāḥ śvo yudhyasva sakeśavaḥ.
18.
lohābhihāraḥ nirvṛttaḥ kurukṣetram akardamam puṣṭāḥ
te aśvāḥ bhṛtāḥ yodhāḥ śvaḥ yudhyasva sa-keśavaḥ
te aśvāḥ bhṛtāḥ yodhāḥ śvaḥ yudhyasva sa-keśavaḥ
18.
lohābhihāraḥ nirvṛttaḥ kurukṣetram
akardamam (asti) te aśvāḥ
puṣṭāḥ (santi) yodhāḥ bhṛtāḥ
(santi) śvaḥ sa-keśavaḥ yudhyasva
akardamam (asti) te aśvāḥ
puṣṭāḥ (santi) yodhāḥ bhṛtāḥ
(santi) śvaḥ sa-keśavaḥ yudhyasva
18.
The clash of iron (referring to weaponry and battle) has concluded, and Kurukṣetra is free of mud. Your horses are well-fed, and your warriors (yodhāḥ) are properly supported. Fight tomorrow, along with Keśava (Kṛṣṇa).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- लोहाभिहारः (lohābhihāraḥ) - the battle involving iron weapons (iron conflict, clash of iron, battle)
- निर्वृत्तः (nirvṛttaḥ) - has concluded (the battle) (completed, accomplished, finished)
- कुरुक्षेत्रम् (kurukṣetram) - Kurukṣetra (the battleground) (Kurukṣetra)
- अकर्दमम् (akardamam) - free of mud (mudless, free from mud)
- पुष्टाः (puṣṭāḥ) - well-fed (horses) (nourished, strong, well-fed)
- ते (te) - your (referring to the listener's horses) (your)
- अश्वाः (aśvāḥ) - horses
- भृताः (bhṛtāḥ) - properly supported (warriors) (maintained, supported, paid)
- योधाः (yodhāḥ) - warriors (warriors, fighters)
- श्वः (śvaḥ) - tomorrow
- युध्यस्व (yudhyasva) - fight (imperative command) (fight!)
- स-केशवः (sa-keśavaḥ) - along with Keśava (Kṛṣṇa) (with Keśava, accompanied by Keśava)
Words meanings and morphology
लोहाभिहारः (lohābhihāraḥ) - the battle involving iron weapons (iron conflict, clash of iron, battle)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of lohābhihāra
lohābhihāra - clash of iron (weapons), battle, conflict
Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (loha+abhihāra)
- loha – iron, metal
noun (neuter) - abhihāra – assault, attack, bringing near
noun (masculine)
Derived from root hṛ (to carry/bring) with prefix abhi-.
Prefix: abhi
Root: hṛ (class 1)
निर्वृत्तः (nirvṛttaḥ) - has concluded (the battle) (completed, accomplished, finished)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of nirvṛtta
nirvṛtta - finished, accomplished, completed, happened
Past Passive Participle
Past Passive Participle of the root vṛt- (to be, to exist, to turn), with prefix nir-.
Prefix: nir
Root: vṛt (class 1)
कुरुक्षेत्रम् (kurukṣetram) - Kurukṣetra (the battleground) (Kurukṣetra)
(proper noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of kurukṣetra
kurukṣetra - Kurukṣetra (a famous plain, the scene of the Mahābhārata war)
अकर्दमम् (akardamam) - free of mud (mudless, free from mud)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of akardama
akardama - without mud, clean, mudless
Compound of 'a' (negative) and 'kardama' (mud).
Compound type : nañ-bahuvrīhi (a+kardama)
- a – not, un-, non-
indeclinable
Negative prefix - kardama – mud, mire, dirt
noun (masculine)
पुष्टाः (puṣṭāḥ) - well-fed (horses) (nourished, strong, well-fed)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of puṣṭa
puṣṭa - nourished, strong, thriving, plump
Past Passive Participle
Past Passive Participle of the root puṣ- (to nourish, to thrive).
Root: puṣ (class 4)
ते (te) - your (referring to the listener's horses) (your)
(pronoun)
Genitive, singular of yuṣmad
yuṣmad - you (singular, plural, dual)
Genitive singular/plural, or nominative plural in some contexts. Here, genitive singular to mean 'your'.
अश्वाः (aśvāḥ) - horses
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of aśva
aśva - horse
भृताः (bhṛtāḥ) - properly supported (warriors) (maintained, supported, paid)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of bhṛta
bhṛta - borne, carried, supported, maintained, paid
Past Passive Participle
Past Passive Participle of the root bhṛ- (to bear, to carry, to support).
Root: bhṛ (class 1)
योधाः (yodhāḥ) - warriors (warriors, fighters)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of yodha
yodha - warrior, fighter, soldier
Derived from the root yudh- (to fight).
Root: yudh (class 4)
श्वः (śvaḥ) - tomorrow
(indeclinable)
युध्यस्व (yudhyasva) - fight (imperative command) (fight!)
(verb)
2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of yudh
2nd person singular imperative, middle voice (ātmanepada).
Root: yudh (class 4)
स-केशवः (sa-keśavaḥ) - along with Keśava (Kṛṣṇa) (with Keśava, accompanied by Keśava)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of sakeśava
sakeśava - accompanied by Keśava, with Kṛṣṇa
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (saha+keśava)
- saha – with, together with
indeclinable
Used as a prefix 'sa-' in compounds. - keśava – Keśava (an epithet of Kṛṣṇa)
proper noun (masculine)