महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-157, verse-1

संजय उवाच ।
हिरण्वत्यां निविष्टेषु पाण्डवेषु महात्मसु ।
दुर्योधनो महाराज कर्णेन सह भारत ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
hiraṇvatyāṁ niviṣṭeṣu pāṇḍaveṣu mahātmasu ,
duryodhano mahārāja karṇena saha bhārata.

1. saṃjaya uvāca hiraṇvatyām niviṣṭeṣu pāṇḍaveṣu
mahātmasu duryodhanaḥ mahārāja karṇena saha bhārata

1. saṃjaya uvāca mahārāja bhārata,
hiraṇvatyām niviṣṭeṣu mahātmasu pāṇḍaveṣu (satsu),
duryodhanaḥ karṇena saha (āsīt)

1. Sanjaya said: "O great king (mahārāja), O descendant of Bharata (bhārata), when the great-souled (mahātman) Pāṇḍavas were settled on the Hiraṇvatī, Duryodhana, accompanied by Karṇa..."

Words meanings summery:

• संजय (saṁjaya) - Sanjaya (the narrator to Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (Sanjaya)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• हिरण्वत्याम् (hiraṇvatyām) - on the banks or in the region of the Hiraṇvatī river (on the Hiraṇvatī (river/region))

• निविष्टेषु (niviṣṭeṣu) - when they were encamped (settled, encamped, positioned)

• पाण्डवेषु (pāṇḍaveṣu) - when the Pāṇḍavas were settled (among the Pāṇḍavas, with respect to the Pāṇḍavas)

• महात्मसु (mahātmasu) - referring to the noble Pāṇḍavas (among the great-souled ones, noble-minded ones)

• दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana (the eldest son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (Duryodhana)

• महाराज (mahārāja) - Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O great king)

• कर्णेन (karṇena) - accompanied by Karṇa (by Karṇa, with Karṇa)

• सह (saha) - with, along with, together with

• भारत (bhārata) - Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O descendant of Bharata)

Words meanings and morphology

संजय (saṁjaya) - Sanjaya (the narrator to Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (Sanjaya)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Sanjaya (name)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

हिरण्वत्याम् (hiraṇvatyām) - on the banks or in the region of the Hiraṇvatī river (on the Hiraṇvatī (river/region))

(proper noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of hiraṇvatī

hiraṇvatī - name of a river or region; possessing gold

निविष्टेषु (niviṣṭeṣu) - when they were encamped (settled, encamped, positioned)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of niviṣṭa

niviṣṭa - settled, entered, encamped, fixed

Past Passive Participle

From root viś- 'to enter' with prefix ni-

Prefix: ni

Root: viś (class 6)

पाण्डवेषु (pāṇḍaveṣu) - when the Pāṇḍavas were settled (among the Pāṇḍavas, with respect to the Pāṇḍavas)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, son of Pāṇḍu

Patronymic from Pāṇḍu

महात्मसु (mahātmasu) - referring to the noble Pāṇḍavas (among the great-souled ones, noble-minded ones)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble-minded, exalted

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence, ego
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'Pāṇḍaveṣu'

दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana (the eldest son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (Duryodhana)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (name)

महाराज (mahārāja) - Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O great king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

कर्णेन (karṇena) - accompanied by Karṇa (by Karṇa, with Karṇa)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karṇa (name), ear

सह (saha) - with, along with, together with

(indeclinable)

भारत (bhārata) - Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O descendant of Bharata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata

Patronymic from Bharata