महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-140, verse-15

युद्धायापततस्तूर्णं वारितान्सव्यसाचिना ।
न तदा भविता त्रेता न कृतं द्वापरं न च ॥१५॥

15. yuddhāyāpatatastūrṇaṁ vāritānsavyasācinā ,
na tadā bhavitā tretā na kṛtaṁ dvāparaṁ na ca.

15. yuddhāya āpatataḥ tūrṇam vāritān savyasācinā
na tadā bhavitā tretā na kṛtam dvāparam na ca

15. yadā savyasācinā yuddhāya tūrṇam āpatataḥ vāritān (tān) drakṣyasi,
tadā tretā na bhavitā,
kṛtam ca na dvāparam ca na (bhavitā)

15. and when those swiftly advancing for battle are restrained by Arjuna (Savyasācin), then there will be neither a Tretā (Yuga), nor a Kṛta (Yuga), nor a Dvāpara (Yuga).

Words meanings summery:

• युद्धाय (yuddhāya) - for battle, for war

• आपततः (āpatataḥ) - those who are attacking (the individuals listed in the previous verse) (attacking, falling upon, rushing forth)

• तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - swiftly, quickly, rapidly

• वारितान् (vāritān) - those who have been stopped/restrained (obstructed, restrained, stopped)

• सव्यसाचिना (savyasācinā) - by Arjuna (the ambidextrous archer) (by Arjuna)

• न (na) - not, no

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• भविता (bhavitā) - will be, shall exist

• त्रेता (tretā) - Tretā Yuga (the second cosmic age) (Tretā (Yuga))

• न (na) - not, no

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - Kṛta Yuga (the first cosmic age, also known as Satya Yuga) (Kṛta (Yuga))

• द्वापरम् (dvāparam) - Dvāpara Yuga (the third cosmic age) (Dvāpara (Yuga))

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - and

Words meanings and morphology

युद्धाय (yuddhāya) - for battle, for war

(noun)

Dative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

Root: yudh (class 4)

आपततः (āpatataḥ) - those who are attacking (the individuals listed in the previous verse) (attacking, falling upon, rushing forth)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of āpatat

āpatat - attacking, falling upon, rushing forth

Present Active Participle

Derived from ā + pat (class 1, P)

Prefix: ā

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: This is a present active participle in the accusative plural, agreeing with the implied 'them' (Droṇa, etc.) from the previous verse. It means 'those who are attacking.'

तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - swiftly, quickly, rapidly

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle (adverbial use)

from root tvar 'to hurry'

Root: tvar

वारितान् (vāritān) - those who have been stopped/restrained (obstructed, restrained, stopped)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vārita

vārita - obstructed, checked, restrained, hindered

Past Passive Participle

From root vṛ (class 5, P) 'to cover, obstruct'

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Agrees with the implied 'them' (Droṇa, etc.) from the previous verse.

सव्यसाचिना (savyasācinā) - by Arjuna (the ambidextrous archer) (by Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of savyasācin

savyasācin - ambidextrous, one who can shoot with the left hand; a name for Arjuna

Compound: savya (left) + sācin (shooter)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (savya+sācin)

• savya – left, left hand
  adjective (masculine)
• sācin – one who shoots, an archer
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root sac 'to join' or from sāyaka 'arrow'

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

भविता (bhavitā) - will be, shall exist

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, periphrastic future (lūṭ) of bhū

Periphrastic Future (Lūt Laṭ)

Future perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice. Formed with bhū + nominal suffix -tṛ + personal endings.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: This form (bhavitā) is a periphrastic future, typically used for future events, often with a sense of certainty or inevitability.

त्रेता (tretā) - Tretā Yuga (the second cosmic age) (Tretā (Yuga))

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tretā

tretā - Tretā Yuga (the second of the four ages, characterized by three-quarters dharma)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

कृतम् (kṛtam) - Kṛta Yuga (the first cosmic age, also known as Satya Yuga) (Kṛta (Yuga))

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - Kṛta Yuga (the first of the four ages, also called Satya Yuga, characterized by full dharma)

द्वापरम् (dvāparam) - Dvāpara Yuga (the third cosmic age) (Dvāpara (Yuga))

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dvāpara

dvāpara - Dvāpara Yuga (the third of the four ages, characterized by half dharma)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)