महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-57, verse-9

रथोपस्थाभिपतितैरास्तृता मानवैर्मही ।
प्रनृत्यदिव संग्रामे चापहस्तो धनंजयः ॥९॥

9. rathopasthābhipatitairāstṛtā mānavairmahī ,
pranṛtyadiva saṁgrāme cāpahasto dhanaṁjayaḥ.

9. rathopasthābhipatitaiḥ āstṛtā mānavaiḥ mahī
pranṛtyat iva saṃgrāme cāpahastaḥ dhanaṃjayaḥ

9. The earth (mahī) was covered with men who had fallen from their chariot platforms. It was as if Dhananjaya (Arjuna), bow in hand, was dancing on the battlefield.

Words meanings summery:

• रथोपस्थाभिपतितैः (rathopasthābhipatitaiḥ) - by those fallen from chariot seats/platforms

• आस्तृता (āstṛtā) - covered, spread over

• मानवैः (mānavaiḥ) - by men, by humans

• मही (mahī) - earth, ground

• प्रनृत्यत् (pranṛtyat) - dancing

• इव (iva) - as if, like

• संग्रामे (saṁgrāme) - in battle, in combat

• चापहस्तः (cāpahastaḥ) - bow in hand, holding a bow

• धनंजयः (dhanaṁjayaḥ) - Arjuna (Arjuna (conqueror of wealth))

Words meanings and morphology

रथोपस्थाभिपतितैः (rathopasthābhipatitaiḥ) - by those fallen from chariot seats/platforms

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of rathopasthābhipatita

rathopasthābhipatita - fallen from the chariot platform

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ratha+upastha+abhipatita)

• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ram (class 1)
• upastha – seat, lap, platform
  noun (neuter)
  from upa + √sthā
  Prefix: upa
  Root: sthā (class 1)
• abhipatita – fallen down, fallen upon
  participle
  past passive participle
  from abhi + √pat
  Prefix: abhi
  Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'mānavaiḥ'.

आस्तृता (āstṛtā) - covered, spread over

(participle)

Nominative, feminine, singular of āstṛta

āstṛta - covered, spread

past passive participle

from root √stṛ with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: stṛ (class 5)

Note: Refers to 'mahī'.

मानवैः (mānavaiḥ) - by men, by humans

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mānava

mānava - man, human being

derived from Manu

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Agent of 'āstṛtā'.

मही (mahī) - earth, ground

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mahī

mahī - earth, land, ground

Root: mah (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'āstṛtā'.

प्रनृत्यत् (pranṛtyat) - dancing

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pranṛtyat

pranṛtyat - dancing vigorously

present active participle

from root √nṛt with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: nṛt (class 4)

Note: Modifies 'dhanaṃjayaḥ'.

इव (iva) - as if, like

(indeclinable)

particle of comparison

संग्रामे (saṁgrāme) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃgrāma

saṁgrāma - battle, combat

Prefix: sam

Root: gram

Note: Location of dancing.

चापहस्तः (cāpahastaḥ) - bow in hand, holding a bow

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of cāpahasta

cāpahasta - having a bow in hand

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (cāpa+hasta)

• cāpa – bow
  noun (masculine)
  Root: cap (class 1)
• hasta – hand
  noun (masculine)
  Root: has (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'dhanaṃjayaḥ'.

धनंजयः (dhanaṁjayaḥ) - Arjuna (Arjuna (conqueror of wealth))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhanaṃjaya

dhanaṁjaya - conqueror of wealth, a name of Arjuna

from dhana (wealth) + √ji (to conquer)

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (dhana+jaya)

• dhana – wealth, riches
  noun (neuter)
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• jaya – conquering, victory
  noun (masculine)
  from √ji
  Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Subject.