महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-57, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
अथ संगम्य सर्वे तु कौरवाणां महारथाः ।
अर्जुनं सहिता यत्ताः प्रत्ययुध्यन्त भारत ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
atha saṁgamya sarve tu kauravāṇāṁ mahārathāḥ ,
arjunaṁ sahitā yattāḥ pratyayudhyanta bhārata.

1. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca atha saṃgamya sarve tu kauravāṇām
mahārathāḥ arjunam sahitāḥ yattāḥ pratyayudhyanta bhārata

1. Vaiśampāyana said: Then, O Bhārata, all the great chariot warriors of the Kauravas, having gathered together and prepared, fought against Arjuna.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana (Proper Name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

• संगम्य (saṁgamya) - having gathered together (having met, having assembled)

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, all of them

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• कौरवाणाम् (kauravāṇām) - of the Kauravas

• महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - great chariot warriors

• अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - Arjuna (Proper Name)

• सहिताः (sahitāḥ) - gathered together (accompanied, united, together)

• यत्ताः (yattāḥ) - prepared, ready, striving

• प्रत्ययुध्यन्त (pratyayudhyanta) - they fought against

• भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (vocative address, often used for Janamejaya or Dhritarashtra, or any descendant of Bharata) (O Bhārata (descendant of Bharata))

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana (Proper Name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśampāyana (a sage, disciple of Vyāsa, narrator of the Mahābhārata)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

(indeclinable)

संगम्य (saṁgamya) - having gathered together (having met, having assembled)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root gam (to go) with prefix sam-

Prefix: sam

Root: gam (class 1)

सर्वे (sarve) - all, all of them

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

कौरवाणाम् (kauravāṇām) - of the Kauravas

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of kaurava

kaurava - descendant of Kuru, belonging to the Kurus, a Kaurava

महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - great chariot warriors

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahāratha

mahāratha - great warrior, great chariot fighter (one capable of fighting 10,000 warriors)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• ratha – chariot, warrior (especially one fighting from a chariot)
  noun (masculine)

अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - Arjuna (Proper Name)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (one of the Pāṇḍavas); white, silver-colored

सहिताः (sahitāḥ) - gathered together (accompanied, united, together)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sahita

sahita - accompanied by, together with, united

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root sah (to bear, endure) or from sa-hita

Root: sah (class 1)

यत्ताः (yattāḥ) - prepared, ready, striving

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yatta

yatta - prepared, ready, striving, restrained, controlled

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root yat (to strive, prepare)

Root: yat (class 1)

प्रत्ययुध्यन्त (pratyayudhyanta) - they fought against

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of yudh

Prefix: prati

Root: yudh (class 4)

भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (vocative address, often used for Janamejaya or Dhritarashtra, or any descendant of Bharata) (O Bhārata (descendant of Bharata))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata; related to Bharata; India, Indian