महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-57, verse-3

नदद्भिश्च महानागैर्हेषमाणैश्च वाजिभिः ।
भेरीशङ्खनिनादैश्च स शब्दस्तुमुलोऽभवत् ॥३॥

3. nadadbhiśca mahānāgairheṣamāṇaiśca vājibhiḥ ,
bherīśaṅkhaninādaiśca sa śabdastumulo'bhavat.

3. nadadbhiḥ ca mahānāgaiḥ heṣamāṇaiḥ ca vājibhiḥ
bherīśaṅkhaninādaiḥ ca saḥ śabdaḥ tumulaḥ abhavat

3. And by the roaring great elephants, by the neighing horses, and by the sounds of drums and conches, that sound became tumultuous.

Words meanings summery:

• नदद्भिः (nadadbhiḥ) - by the roaring (by those roaring, by those sounding)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• महानागैः (mahānāgaiḥ) - by great elephants (by great elephants, by great snakes)

• हेषमाणैः (heṣamāṇaiḥ) - by the neighing (by those neighing)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• वाजिभिः (vājibhiḥ) - by horses (by horses, by swift ones)

• भेरीशङ्खनिनादैः (bherīśaṅkhaninādaiḥ) - by the sounds of drums and conches

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• सः (saḥ) - that (that, he)

• शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - sound (sound, word, noise)

• तुमुलः (tumulaḥ) - tumultuous (tumultuous, confused, noisy)

• अभवत् (abhavat) - became (became, happened, was)

Words meanings and morphology

नदद्भिः (nadadbhiḥ) - by the roaring (by those roaring, by those sounding)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of nadat

nadat - roaring, sounding, making noise

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'nad' (to roar, sound) with present active participle suffix.

Root: nad (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

महानागैः (mahānāgaiḥ) - by great elephants (by great elephants, by great snakes)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mahānāga

mahānāga - great elephant, great serpent

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+nāga)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• nāga – elephant, serpent, cobra
  noun (masculine)

हेषमाणैः (heṣamāṇaiḥ) - by the neighing (by those neighing)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of heṣamāṇa

heṣamāṇa - neighing, snorting

Present Middle Participle

Derived from root 'heṣ' (to neigh) with present middle participle suffix.

Root: heṣ (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

वाजिभिः (vājibhiḥ) - by horses (by horses, by swift ones)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vājin

vājin - horse, swift, powerful

भेरीशङ्खनिनादैः (bherīśaṅkhaninādaiḥ) - by the sounds of drums and conches

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bherīśaṅkhanināda

bherīśaṅkhanināda - sound of drums and conches

Compound type : dvandva (bherī+śaṅkha+nināda)

• bherī – drum
  noun (feminine)
• śaṅkha – conch-shell
  noun (masculine)
• nināda – sound, roar, cry
  noun (masculine)
  From prefix 'ni' + root 'nad' (to sound).
  Prefix: ni
  Root: nad (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - that (that, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to 'śabdaḥ'.

शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - sound (sound, word, noise)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śabda

śabda - sound, word, noise

Root: śabd (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'abhavat'.

तुमुलः (tumulaḥ) - tumultuous (tumultuous, confused, noisy)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tumula

tumula - tumultuous, confused, noisy, boisterous

Note: Predicate adjective for 'śabdaḥ'.

अभवत् (abhavat) - became (became, happened, was)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular.

Augmented past tense of 'bhū'.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Verb for 'śabdaḥ'.