महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-54, verse-5

हयानस्यार्जुनः सर्वान्कृतवानल्पजीवितान् ।
स राजन्न प्रजानाति दिशं कांचन मोहितः ॥५॥

5. hayānasyārjunaḥ sarvānkṛtavānalpajīvitān ,
sa rājanna prajānāti diśaṁ kāṁcana mohitaḥ.

5. hayān asya arjunaḥ sarvān kṛtavān alpajīvitān
sa rājan na prajānāti diśam kāṃcana mohitaḥ

5. Arjuna rendered all of his (opponent's) horses short-lived (killed or incapacitated them). O king, being bewildered, he (the opponent) did not know any direction.

5. אַרְג׳וּנַה הותיר לכל סוסיו (של אַשְׁוַטְּהָאמָה) חיים קצרים בלבד. הוא, הו מלך, התבלבל ולא הבחין באף כיוון.

Words meanings summery:

• हयान् (hayān) - horses

• अस्य (asya) - Refers to the opponent of Arjuna (likely Karṇa or Kṛpa). (his, of him, of this)

• अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna

• सर्वान् (sarvān) - all, every

• कृतवान् (kṛtavān) - Made short-lived, i.e., incapacitated or killed. (made, did)

• अल्पजीवितान् (alpajīvitān) - Referring to the horses, meaning they were incapacitated or killed, effectively ending their 'life' in battle. (short-lived)

• स (sa) - Refers to the opponent, whose horses were incapacitated. (he, that)

• राजन् (rājan) - Vocative address to Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (O king)

• न (na) - not

• प्रजानाति (prajānāti) - knows, recognizes

• दिशम् (diśam) - direction, quarter

• कांचन (kāṁcana) - Agrees with 'diśam', meaning 'any direction'. (any, some)

• मोहितः (mohitaḥ) - bewildered, deluded, confused

Words meanings and morphology

हयान् (hayān) - horses

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of haya

haya - horse

अस्य (asya) - Refers to the opponent of Arjuna (likely Karṇa or Kṛpa). (his, of him, of this)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (a prominent Pandava hero), white

सर्वान् (sarvān) - all, every

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Agrees with 'hayān'.

कृतवान् (kṛtavān) - Made short-lived, i.e., incapacitated or killed. (made, did)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtavat

kṛtavat - one who has done/made

Past Active Participle

Past active participle of the root √kṛ (to do, to make), with the suffix -vat.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with 'arjunaḥ'.

अल्पजीवितान् (alpajīvitān) - Referring to the horses, meaning they were incapacitated or killed, effectively ending their 'life' in battle. (short-lived)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of alpajīvita

alpajīvita - short-lived, having little life

Compound type : bahuvrihi (alpa+jīvita)

• alpa – little, small, few
  adjective
• jīvita – life, living, lived
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of root √jīv (to live).
  Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'hayān' and 'sarvān'.

स (sa) - Refers to the opponent, whose horses were incapacitated. (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

राजन् (rājan) - Vocative address to Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

प्रजानाति (prajānāti) - knows, recognizes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of pra-jñā

Prefix: pra

Root: jñā (class 9)

दिशम् (diśam) - direction, quarter

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of diś

diś - direction, quarter of the sky, region

कांचन (kāṁcana) - Agrees with 'diśam', meaning 'any direction'. (any, some)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kaṃcana

kaṁcana - any, some, whatsoever

Formed from 'kim' (what) and 'cana' (an indefinite particle).

मोहितः (mohitaḥ) - bewildered, deluded, confused

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mohita

mohita - bewildered, deluded, confused, infatuated

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of the root √muh (to be bewildered, confused).

Root: muh (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'sa' (he).

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