महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-54, verse-5

हयानस्यार्जुनः सर्वान्कृतवानल्पजीवितान् ।
स राजन्न प्रजानाति दिशं कांचन मोहितः ॥५॥

5. hayānasyārjunaḥ sarvānkṛtavānalpajīvitān ,
sa rājanna prajānāti diśaṁ kāṁcana mohitaḥ.

5. hayān asya arjunaḥ sarvān kṛtavān alpajīvitān
sa rājan na prajānāti diśam kāṃcana mohitaḥ

5. Arjuna rendered all of his (opponent's) horses short-lived (killed or incapacitated them). O king, being bewildered, he (the opponent) did not know any direction.

Words meanings summery:

• हयान् (hayān) - horses

• अस्य (asya) - Refers to the opponent of Arjuna (likely Karṇa or Kṛpa). (his, of him, of this)

• अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna

• सर्वान् (sarvān) - all, every

• कृतवान् (kṛtavān) - Made short-lived, i.e., incapacitated or killed. (made, did)

• अल्पजीवितान् (alpajīvitān) - Referring to the horses, meaning they were incapacitated or killed, effectively ending their 'life' in battle. (short-lived)

• स (sa) - Refers to the opponent, whose horses were incapacitated. (he, that)

• राजन् (rājan) - Vocative address to Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (O king)

• न (na) - not

• प्रजानाति (prajānāti) - knows, recognizes

• दिशम् (diśam) - direction, quarter

• कांचन (kāṁcana) - Agrees with 'diśam', meaning 'any direction'. (any, some)

• मोहितः (mohitaḥ) - bewildered, deluded, confused

Words meanings and morphology

हयान् (hayān) - horses

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of haya

haya - horse

अस्य (asya) - Refers to the opponent of Arjuna (likely Karṇa or Kṛpa). (his, of him, of this)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (a prominent Pandava hero), white

सर्वान् (sarvān) - all, every

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Agrees with 'hayān'.

कृतवान् (kṛtavān) - Made short-lived, i.e., incapacitated or killed. (made, did)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtavat

kṛtavat - one who has done/made

Past Active Participle

Past active participle of the root √kṛ (to do, to make), with the suffix -vat.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with 'arjunaḥ'.

अल्पजीवितान् (alpajīvitān) - Referring to the horses, meaning they were incapacitated or killed, effectively ending their 'life' in battle. (short-lived)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of alpajīvita

alpajīvita - short-lived, having little life

Compound type : bahuvrihi (alpa+jīvita)

• alpa – little, small, few
  adjective
• jīvita – life, living, lived
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of root √jīv (to live).
  Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'hayān' and 'sarvān'.

स (sa) - Refers to the opponent, whose horses were incapacitated. (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

राजन् (rājan) - Vocative address to Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

प्रजानाति (prajānāti) - knows, recognizes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of pra-jñā

Prefix: pra

Root: jñā (class 9)

दिशम् (diśam) - direction, quarter

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of diś

diś - direction, quarter of the sky, region

कांचन (kāṁcana) - Agrees with 'diśam', meaning 'any direction'. (any, some)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kaṃcana

kaṁcana - any, some, whatsoever

Formed from 'kim' (what) and 'cana' (an indefinite particle).

मोहितः (mohitaḥ) - bewildered, deluded, confused

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mohita

mohita - bewildered, deluded, confused, infatuated

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of the root √muh (to be bewildered, confused).

Root: muh (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'sa' (he).