महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-54, verse-10

ततः प्रववृते युद्धं पृथिव्यामेकवीरयोः ।
रणमध्ये द्वयोरेव सुमहल्लोमहर्षणम् ॥१०॥

10. tataḥ pravavṛte yuddhaṁ pṛthivyāmekavīrayoḥ ,
raṇamadhye dvayoreva sumahallomaharṣaṇam.

10. tataḥ pravavṛte yuddham pṛthivyām ekavīrayoḥ
raṇamadhye dvayoḥ eva sumahat lomaharṣaṇam

10. Then, a very great and hair-raising battle commenced on the earth between those two sole heroes, right in the midst of the battlefield.

10. ואז פרץ על פני האדמה קרב בין שני גיבורים יחידים, באמצע שדה הקרב, קרב עצום שמסמר שיער, ביניהם בלבד.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, therefrom, afterwards)

• प्रववृते (pravavṛte) - it commenced (it commenced, it began)

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - a battle (battle, combat)

• पृथिव्याम् (pṛthivyām) - on the earth (on the earth, in the world)

• एकवीरयोः (ekavīrayoḥ) - of the two sole heroes (of the two sole heroes, of the two unmatched heroes)

• रणमध्ये (raṇamadhye) - in the midst of the battle (in the midst of battle, on the battlefield)

• द्वयोः (dvayoḥ) - of those two (heroes) (of the two)

• एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, just)

• सुमहत् (sumahat) - very great (very great, tremendous, immense)

• लोमहर्षणम् (lomaharṣaṇam) - hair-raising (hair-raising, horrifying, thrilling)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, therefrom, afterwards)

(indeclinable)

प्रववृते (pravavṛte) - it commenced (it commenced, it began)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past perfect (liṭ) of pravavṛt

past perfect (liṭ)

from pra + √vṛt (1st class) + liṭ ending (ātmanepada)

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Thematic verb in middle voice perfect

युद्धम् (yuddham) - a battle (battle, combat)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

Past Passive Participle

from √yudh (4th class)

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Subject of pravavṛte

पृथिव्याम् (pṛthivyām) - on the earth (on the earth, in the world)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of pṛthivī

pṛthivī - earth, world, ground

एकवीरयोः (ekavīrayoḥ) - of the two sole heroes (of the two sole heroes, of the two unmatched heroes)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of ekavīra

ekavīra - sole hero, unmatched hero, single warrior

Compound type : bahuvrihi (eka+vīra)

• eka – one, single, sole
  numeral (masculine)
• vīra – hero, brave man, warrior
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Arjuna and Karṇa

रणमध्ये (raṇamadhye) - in the midst of the battle (in the midst of battle, on the battlefield)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of raṇamadhya

raṇamadhya - middle of battle, battlefield

Compound type : tatpurusha (raṇa+madhya)

• raṇa – battle, war, fight
  noun (masculine)
• madhya – middle, center
  noun (neuter)

द्वयोः (dvayoḥ) - of those two (heroes) (of the two)

(numeral)

Note: Emphasizes the two heroes

एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, just)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle

सुमहत् (sumahat) - very great (very great, tremendous, immense)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sumahat

sumahat - very great, immense, tremendous

from su (prefix) + mahat

Compound type : karmadharaya (su+mahat)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
• mahat – great, large, vast
  adjective (neuter)

Note: Agrees with yuddham

लोमहर्षणम् (lomaharṣaṇam) - hair-raising (hair-raising, horrifying, thrilling)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of lomaharṣaṇa

lomaharṣaṇa - hair-raising, causing horripilation, horrifying, thrilling

from loman (hair) + harṣaṇa (causing excitement)

Compound type : tatpurusha (loma+harṣaṇa)

• loman – hair (of the body)
  noun (neuter)
• harṣaṇa – causing excitement, thrilling, horrifying
  noun (neuter)
  verbal noun/agent noun
  from √hṛṣ + -ana
  Root: hṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with yuddham

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