महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-54, verse-15

ततः कर्णो महच्चापं विकृष्याभ्यधिकं रुषा ।
अवाक्षिपत्ततः शब्दो हाहाकारो महानभूत् ॥१५॥

15. tataḥ karṇo mahaccāpaṁ vikṛṣyābhyadhikaṁ ruṣā ,
avākṣipattataḥ śabdo hāhākāro mahānabhūt.

15. tataḥ karṇaḥ mahat cāpam vikṛṣya abhyadhikam ruṣā
avākṣipat tataḥ śabdaḥ hāhākāraḥ mahān abhūt

15. Then Karṇa, having drawn his great bow with excessive anger, shot (arrows). Thereupon, a great cry of distress arose.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from there

• कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karṇa

• महत् (mahat) - great, large

• चापम् (cāpam) - bow

• विकृष्य (vikṛṣya) - having drawn, having pulled

• अभ्यधिकम् (abhyadhikam) - exceedingly, excessively

• रुषा (ruṣā) - with anger, by fury

• अवाक्षिपत् (avākṣipat) - he shot, he hurled

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon

• शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - sound, cry

• हाहाकारः (hāhākāraḥ) - cry of distress, lamentation

• महान् (mahān) - great, large

• अभूत् (abhūt) - it became, it arose

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from there

(indeclinable)

कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karṇa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - ear, name of a warrior (son of Sūrya and Kuntī)

महत् (mahat) - great, large

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, important, powerful

Note: Qualifies 'cāpam'.

चापम् (cāpam) - bow

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of cāpa

cāpa - bow, arc

विकृष्य (vikṛṣya) - having drawn, having pulled

(indeclinable)

Gerund (Absolutive)

From root kṛṣ (to draw) with prefix vi; suffix 'lyap'

Prefix: vi

Root: kṛṣ (class 1)

अभ्यधिकम् (abhyadhikam) - exceedingly, excessively

(indeclinable)

From prefix 'abhi' (towards, over) and 'adhika' (more)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (abhi+adhika)

• abhi – towards, over, upon
  indeclinable
  Prefix
• adhika – superior, exceeding, much, more
  adjective (neuter)
  From prefix 'adhi' (over, above) and suffix 'ka'
  Prefix: adhi

Note: Used adverbially here.

रुषा (ruṣā) - with anger, by fury

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of ruṣ

ruṣ - anger, wrath, fury

Root: ruṣ (class 4)

अवाक्षिपत् (avākṣipat) - he shot, he hurled

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of avākṣip

Imperfect tense

Augment 'a' + prefix 'ava' + root 'kṣip' + 'at' ending (3rd person singular active)

Prefix: ava

Root: kṣip (class 6)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon

(indeclinable)

शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - sound, cry

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śabda

śabda - sound, noise, word, cry

Root: śabd (class 1)

हाहाकारः (hāhākāraḥ) - cry of distress, lamentation

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hāhākāra

hāhākāra - cry of distress, lamentation, the sound 'hāhā'

From onomatopoeic 'hāhā' (expression of pain or wonder) and 'kāra' (making, sound)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (hāhā+kāra)

• hāhā – exclamation of distress or wonder
  indeclinable
  Onomatopoeic
• kāra – making, doing, sound, utterance
  noun (masculine)
  From root kṛ (to do, make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

महान् (mahān) - great, large

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, important, powerful

Note: Qualifies 'śabdaḥ'.

अभूत् (abhūt) - it became, it arose

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of bhū

Aorist tense

Augment 'a' + root 'bhū' + 't' ending (3rd person singular active)

Root: bhū (class 1)